1. The War in Europe and North Africa
EQ 4: How did the Allies turn the tide against the Axis in Europe?

2. Hitler first Strategy
FDR agrees that Germany is a larger threat to the world
Britain and the USSR must not fall
the US may need more allies in the Pacific

3. Alliance between Britain, U.S., and Soviet Union
Germany invaded the USSR in May, 1941
Operation Barbarossa, 1941
hopes to conquer Russia before winter stalled in the Balkans
Stalingrad became the linchpin
3 million Germans and Russians killed

4. Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
Operation Torch (North Africa), 1942
the USSR demanded a second front
under Patton, the US invaded North Africa at Morocco
275k Germans surrender
the US used North Africa to get to the island of Sicily and then to Italy
“soft underbelly of Europe”
the USSR complained it was taking too long

5. Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
Strategic Bombing
the allies bombed Italy and Germany to destroy their industry
British bombed at night despite higher civilian casualties
U.S. continued daytime raids from England and Italy
1.5 million tons of bombs were dropped on Germany
it’s debatable how effective the bombing was
they were psychologically traumatic

6. Bombing of Dresden

7. Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
Operation Overlord D-Day, 6/6/44
D-day was the largest invasion in history
planned by Gen. Eisenhower
Allied commander in Europe
Fake plans were leaked
150,000 troops landed on five beaches
just under 7000 ships were involved
France and Belgium were liberated by September

8. D-Day, June 6, 1944

9. Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
Battle of the Bulge, 1944
Germans try to push allies back to the English Channel
250k German troops were sent to take Antwerp
after Operation Market Garden
“Bulge” in allied line
US held at Bastogne, will push steadily to Berlin
Bulge

10. Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
the US and Britain pushed into Germany from the West while the USSR came from the East
while Europeans cheered, Americans feared the war in Japan

11. The War in Europe and North Africa – The Holocaust
EQ 5: How did the Holocaust develop and what were its results? How did Americans react to the Holocaust?

12. The Holocaust Kristallnacht, 1938
at first Jews were segregated and forced to wear a Star of David
Hitler tried to get them to leave Germany
he watched the way the South treated blacks in the US
in one night, 7,500 Jewish shops and 400 synagogues burned
almost 100 Jews killed and 20,000 sent to concentration camps
this is the beginning of the holocaust

13. The Holocaust The Final Solution
the Nazis imprisoned slavs, gypsies, and other ethnic groups
the elderly, the insane, homosexuals, and the mentally retarded were executed
a combined program of eugenics and euthanasia
millions of Jews were segregated into Ghettos before being taken to concentration camps
Aushwitz and Dachau
78% of Jews in Europe were killed
They were killed in showers using a pesticide called Zyklon-B and then burnt in ovens to hide the evidence
even when the war looked hopeless, Hitler pushed for the work to continue

14. The Holocaust America’s Response to the Holocaust
the US held to its immigration quotas
the Holocaust got little attention in the news
military resources were not used to destroy rail lines to the camps
after the war, we helped create Israel

15. EQ 5:
How did the Holocaust develop and what were its results? How did Americans react to the Holocaust?

16. Answers:
1. A
2. C

17. Answers:
1. D
2. B

18. Answers:
1. A
2. C