1. The Body in Action
Coordination
Mr G Davidson

2. Coordination
Our nervous system controls every action we make, although we may not be aware of it at the time.
Most activities require us to move more than one part of our bodies at a time in a controlled way.
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3. The Eye The eye is the sense organ used to detect light.
Our eyes allow us to judge distances.
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4. The Eye
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5. The Eye
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6. The Eye Part Function Iris Controls amount of light entering the eye.
Lens
Focussing.
Cornea
Allows light into the eye.
Pupil
Allows light through the iris.
Retina
Picks up images.
Optic nerve
Transmits images to the brain.
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7. Binocular Vision
Accurate judgement of distance is required throughout our daily lives and binocular vision aids this.
Our eyes are set in the front of our heads.
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8. Binocular Vision
This gives binocular vision and allows us to see things in 3D which helps us to judge how far away an object is.
Each eye sees a slightly different view of an object and so two sets of impulses are sent to the brain.
The brain puts these two views together so that the object is seen as something that is 3D rather than flat.
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9. The Ear
We use our ears to detect sound and help us to judge the direction of sound.
The ear has many parts, each with a particular function.
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10. The Ear
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11. The Ear
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12. The Ear Part Function Eardrum Vibrates as sound waves hit it. Ossicles
Transmits vibrations to inner ear.
Cochlea
Determines pitch.
Auditory nerve
Transmits messages to the brain.
Semi-circular canals
Balance.
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G Davidson

13. Rotation and Balance
Information is sent from our semi-circular canals to the brain to control our balance.
There is fluid in these canals which moves when the head moves.
How well you balance is sometimes affected by the kinds of movement made.
The three canals are arranged at right angles to each other.
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G Davidson

14. Central Nervous System
Our nervous system controls our body and consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves.
Nerves contain many nerve cells.
The brain and spinal cord together make up the Central Nervous System (C.N.S.)
Information is passed along nerves to the C.N.S. in the form of electrical messages called IMPULSES.
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15. Central Nervous System
Our sense organs detect information from our surroundings.
The information is the stimulus which triggers off a nerve impulse.
This impulse is carried along a sensory nerve cell to the C.N.S.
The information is sorted out in the C.N.S. and another impulse is then sent along a motor nerve cell to the muscles.
The muscles contract and this is called a RESPONSE.
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16. Brain
The brain is the control centre in the C.N.S. and is made up of 3 parts:
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla
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17. Brain
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18. Brain
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19. Brain Part Function Cerebellum Controls Balance Medulla
Controls vital functions
Cerebrum
Conscious thought, reasoning, memory
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20. Reflex Actions
A reflex action is a rapid automatic response to a stimulus.
It is an involuntary action, which does not always involve the brain.
They happen so fast that there is often no time for them to reach the brain.
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21. Reflex Actions
Often the impulses only go to the spinal cord and the brain becomes aware of the action only after it has happened.
E.g. knee jerk, blinking, iris changing, etc..
Reflex actions protect parts of our body from serious damage.
The reflex arc is an arrangement of nerve cells which makes sure that we react quickly to hazardous stimuli.
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22. Reflex Arc
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23. Reflex Arc
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24. Reaction Times We can improve our reaction times through practice.
How quick are you?
Test your reaction times.
Reaction timer
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G Davidson