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Satire English 11B, British and World Literature Spring 2008.

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1 Satire English 11B, British and World Literature Spring 2008

2 Basic Satire Satire recognizes that the real world is full of folly, crime, and injustice, but never doubts that the real world it makes fun of is worth redeeming. Satire can be humorous or vicious.

3 What is Satire? Ridicules aspects of human behavior.
Seeks to arouse in the reader contempt for its object/target. Satire seeks to bring about reform by pointing out the faults (weaknesses, vices, follies) of groups or individuals. Tries to persuade the reader by showing the opposing view as absurd, vicious, or inhumane

4 Purpose of Satire Satirists write to bring about the improvement of humanity and human society. A satirist’s main goal is to create change! Satire uses wit as a weapon to attack to attack the foibles and follies of mankind. “The pen is mightier than the sword.”

5 Satire and Comedy While both comedy and satire make us laugh, there are some important differences: In comedy, laughter is an end in itself; there is generally not a higher instructive purpose. Satire uses laughter as a weapon against an object outside of the work. Satire aims to laugh us out of our vices, follies, and foibles.

6 Targets of Satire Society’s institutions (schools, government, business, etc.) A type of person or trends A specific person A place

7 Vehicles for Satire Prose Poetry Art Drama/Film Fables
Critical Reviews Comic Strips Cartoons American Beauty “A dazzling tale of loneliness, desire and the hollowness of conformity." (Edward Guthman, SF Chronicle)

8 Forms of Satire Direct Satire: the satiric voice speaks in the first person (uses “I”). The work is often an essay or speech, sometimes a pamphlet. clips/3rtdos/comedy-central-presents-lewis- black---the-end-of-the-universe

9 Forms of Satire Indirect Satire: reads like a story and has a plot. The characters make themselves ridiculous by thought, speech, and/or actions. Characters are made more ridiculous by the author’s narrative style and comments. Mean Girls – 7:00-15:00, 29:00-35:00

10 Satiric Styles Horatian Satire Horace (65-68 BC)
Tries to evoke a smile Writer is a sophisticated man-of-the- world Attitude: amused at the foibles of men Often witty and light-hearted Attacks minor problems, follies

11 Satiric Styles Juvenalian Satire Juvenal (55-130 BC)
Tries to arouse anger and moral indignation Writer is a serious moralist and a dedicated reformer Attitude: bitter, denunciatory, attacks the vices of men, ferocious attacks -night-live-dont-buy-stuff

12 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Caricature: A type of portrait, graphic or verbal, which exaggerates or distorts prominent features of a person without losing the likeness. Political Cartoons

13 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Invective: Direct denunciation or name calling. "Well, of course, this is just the sort of blinkered philistine pig-ignorance I've come to expect from you non-creative garbage. You sit there on your loathsome spotty behinds squeezing blackheads, not caring a tinker's cuss for the struggling artist..." (John Cleese in Monty Python's "The Architect Sketch")

14 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Diatribe: Prolonged invective; bitter and abusive speech or writing. Synonym – Rant

15 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Incongruity: A combination of characteristics or elements that don’t match or fit together. Mean Girls – 29:00-35:00 Saturday Night Live – “Lab Partners” day-night-live-lab-partners Harvard Sailing Team – “Boys will be Girls” ecNAg

16 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Parody: A close imitation of an author’s style or work for comic effect or in ridicule Scary Movie, etc. The Onion – Read Articles

17 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Exaggeration: Representing something as much more than it really is. Brave New World “Neighbors” V- Q&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode= 1

18 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Understatement: Deliberately representing something as much less than it really is. Monty Python – “It’s just a flesh wound!” gz690

19 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Irony: Implied attitudes which are opposed to those being expressed. In an attempt to explain their beliefs to a wider audience, the Amish launched a website.

20 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Sarcasm: Caustic and heavy use of apparent praise for actual dispraise. The Colbert Report

21 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Lampoon: A full-length verbal portrait of a person which ridicules him in a biting manner. Harvard Lampoon  National Lampoon

22 Satiric Devices and Conventions
High Burlesque: Treats trivial subject matter in an elevated and serious manner. Moulin Rouge Newspaper Headline: “Loser Spends Entire Day in Bed.” V- Q&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode= 1

23 Satiric Devices and Conventions
Low Burlesque: Treats serious subject matter in a low and comic manner. Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Knocked Up Chicago – “The Cell Block Tango” Monty Python – Sir Lancelot visits the castle T-c

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