1. France’s Ultimate Monarch

2. Religious wars in France
When were they? Who was involved? Why were they occurring?
Between 1562 and 1598
8 civil wars
Catholics and Protestants
French Protestants are known as Huguenots
Immense hostility between Catholics and Protestants in France
Queen Catherine de Medici’s daughter marrying
Henry of Navarre- Huguenot prince
Causes large group of Huguenots in Paris
Upsets Catholic population

3. St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
What was it? When was it?
Massacre of Huguenots in France by Catholics
Huguenots attending wedding of Queen de Medici’s daughter to Henry of Navarre
Huguenot nobles dragged into streets and killed.
Spreads to other cities
10, ,000 killed over several weeks
Henry survives
6 weeks in 1572

5. King Henry IV Who was King Henry IV? When did he rule?
Prince Henry of Navarre marries Queen Catherine de Medici’s daughter.
1st king of Bourbon dynasty
Becomes Catholic to rule
Decisive, fearless and clever
Stabbed to death

6. King Henry IV What did he do? What is the Edict of Worms?
Declares peaceful living for Huguenots
Devoted reign to rebuilding France
Was hated for religious compromises
Edict of Worms- declaration of religious toleration
revoked in 1685 by Louis XIV
200,000 to 500,000 Protestants emigrated from France to other European countries, taking their talents with them.

7. Cardinal Richelieu
Who was he? When did he come into “power”? What did he do while he has power?
Was a hard-working leader of the Catholic Church
Became “leader” of France in Louis XIV’s place until he was old enough to rule.
1624
Moved against Huguenots.
Protestant cities could not have walls
Weakened noble power
Involved France in Thirty Years War

8. Louis XIV
When did he rule? What does “L’etat, c’est moi” mean? What was he known as?
Became king in 1643 at 5 years old
Takes control in 1661 at 21 years old
“I am the state.”
The sun king, or le Roi-Soleil.

9. Louis XIV What did he accomplish? Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert?
Most powerful king in French history
Ruled 72 years
Weakened power of nobles
Increased power of intendants
Those who collected taxes and administered
justice
Dedicated to helping France attain economic, political, and cultural brilliance
Minister of finance
Made France self-sufficient
Gov’t funds & tax breaks to French company's
High tariffs on goods from other countries
Encouraged migration to colonies

10. Versailles Took entire life to finish 1st remodel
36,000 laborers; 6,000 horses
700 rooms
2,000 windows
67 staircases
19,800 acres of grounds
2 wings, each 450 feet long
Main building feet long
Gardens:
20 years to perfect
15,000 acres
300 statues
1,400 fountains and waterfalls (607 remain today)
6.2 million liters of water an hour
To keep from wasting water, fountains were turned on as Louis walked by them.
3,000 princes, courtiers, ministers and servants lived there full time.