1. 13 Original American Colonies
Birth of the New World
13 Original
American Colonies

2. New England Colonies MR. CaN
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
and
New Hampshire

3. Massachusetts Plymouth Colony 1620
Pilgrims received a charter to settle in America
Pilgrims (Separatists) left for religious freedom
Mayflower went off course
& landed in Plymouth, MA
Mayflower Compact –Promised to obey the laws passed “for the general good of the colony”
1st self-government in America

4. Mayflower Compact
In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are [listed below], the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign (authority) Lord, King James, by the grace of God… Having [started], for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do…in the presence of God, and one of another, [promise] and combine our selves together into a civil body politic (government), for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends [mentioned above]; and by virtue hereof to enact (pass), constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony, unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of November [New Style, November 21], in the year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Anno Domini 1620.

5. Massachusetts Massachusetts Bay 1630 (Boston)
Puritans - Protestants who wanted to reform (purify) The Church of England
Royal charter to leave for religious freedom to practice their religion without persecution
Create a society based on the Bible
Town meetings (democratic government )
Only white male church members could vote

7. New Hampshire 1623 Main town – Portsmouth John Wheelwright
Proprietary/ royal colony
Wheelwright led a group of nonconformist Puritans from Massachusetts to Exeter, New Hampshire for religious freedom
Drew up Exeter Compact-based on Mayflower Compact (self government)
Good fishing

8. Connecticut 1633 – Hartford
Thomas Hooker- Puritan minister dissatisfied with MA leadership led his congregation southeast of MA through the wilderness
3 years later a charter joined 3 towns creating Connecticut
For more freedom than the Puritans allowed in Massachusetts Bay
“The foundation of authority is laid in the free consent of the people." Thomas Hooker
Adopted a governmental plan- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: 1st constitution in America

9. Fundamental Orders of CT
Forasmuch as it has pleased Almighty God by the wise [character] of His Divine Providence (His Holy Wisdom) so to order and dispose of things that we, the inhabitants and residents of Windsor, Hartford, and Wethersfield are now cohabiting and dwelling in and upon the Conectecotte (Connecticut) and the lands thereunto adjoining (touching); and well knowing where a people are gathered together the Word of God requires that, to maintain the peace and union of such a people, there should be an orderly and decent government established according to God, to order and dispose of the affairs of the people at all season as occasion shall require; do therefore associate and [unite] ourselves to be as one public state or commonwealth…As also in our civil (political) affairs to be guided and governed according to such laws, rules, orders, and decrees as shall be made, ordered and decreed, as follows:
Laws, Rules, and Orders (examples)
1) …there shall be yearly two general assemblies or courts…
4) …no one person be chosen governor above once in two years…and…be a member of the approved congregation (group)

10. Rhode Island
1636 –Founded Providence, Rhode Island Founded by Roger Williams
Charter after being forced out of Massachusetts
For: Religious freedom & toleration
Against: taking Native American land
Separation of church & state
Founded the 1st Baptist Church in America

11. Middle Colonies 2 New Penns D’ware
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware

12. New York 1624 – Dutch New Amsterdam (New York City)
For excellent trade, the Hudson River, & a good harbor
English wanted it & attacked in 1664
A threat to other English trade & settlements
Dutch surrendered without a fight
Proprietary/Royal Colony
Gift to the Duke of York
Renamed - New York
Diverse Culture: German, Swedish, Dutch, Native American, & African
First Jewish in America
Fastest growing place in the colonies

13. New Jersey 1638 founded Trenton
Land below New York given by Duke of York to Lord John Berkeley & Sir George Carteret
Proprietary /royal colony
For land sales
Encouraged settlers by:
Large tracts of land
Freedom of religion
Trial by jury
A representative assembly
Ethnically diverse

14. Pennsylvania 1682 – Founded Philadelphia (Brotherly love)
King gave to William Penn as payment for debt he owed the family --nearly as large as England
Proprietary colony
For religious freedom for Society of Friends-Quakers
Believed in an “inner light” leading to salvation
Pacifists
Everyone is equal
Welcomed different religions & nationalities
Treated Natives fairly

15. Delaware 1638 - settled in Willmington Settled by Swedes
Proprietary colony
For Swedish trading post
1682 English claimed the land
Penn allowed Delaware to have a legislature & work as a separate colony
Under authority of Pennsylvania's governor
Swedish settlers built 1st log cabins in America

16. Southern Colonies Virginia Goes 2 C Mary
Georgia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Maryland

17. Maryland 1634 – Main settlement of Baltimore (port city)
Lord Baltimore – Catholic
Proprietary colony north of VA
For a safe place for Catholics
Passed Toleration Act –Religious Freedom & toleration
Planted tobacco & corn
Law - “Every person planting tobacco shall tend 2 acres of corn”
Plantations grew bringing slaves & indentured servants
Mason-Dixon line- boundary between Maryland & Pennsylvania

18. Virginia 1607 - Virginia Company of London Chesapeake Bay-Jamestown
Royal charter
For trade & profit
England’s 1st permanent American colony
Difficult beginning years
Developed high grade tobacco= settlement flourished
Slave Labor
Created House of Burgesses for more local control-1st representative assembly

19. Carolinas 1653 –Carolina = Charles’ Land in Latin
Founded Charles Town, later called Charleston
8 proprietors created proprietary colony
For profit
John Locke wrote a constitution
Northern territory settled by VA farmers
Grew tobacco
Sold forest products, i.e. timber & tar
Southern more prosperous (Charleston harbor)
Grew rice
Developed indigo-dye for textiles
Used slaves
Split in 1670
2 royal colonies by 1729

20. Founded 50 years after the other 12
Georgia
1733 – founded Savannah
James Oglethorpe
Proprietary/ Royal Charter for English debtors, poor people, & protection from Spanish Florida
Wanted “sober, industrial, & moral persons”
Religious freedom--Except Catholics
Banned slavery & rum
Given to the king in 1751
Founded 50 years after the other 12

21. 13 American Colonies