1. Japan and Korea
Chapter 11
Section 3

2. Key Terms Archipelago Shinto Prince Shotoku Lady Murasaki Shikibu
Koryo Dynasty

3. Early Japanese Civilization
Nippon- land of the rising sun
Sits on western edge of the Pacific Ocean.

4. The Land Thousands of islands Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu
Archipelago- large island chain
Stretches 1500 miles
Lie on the Ring of Fire
Zone of volcanoes and earthquakes

5. The Land Tsunamis- monster waves Typhoons in late summer early autumn
Terrain is rugged
Small part suitable for farming
Most people live in river valleys and coastal plains

6. The Sea Sea for food and transportation
Protected and isolated the island
Korea 100 miles away
China 400 miles away
Japan never invaded until World War II

7. Early Japan Migrated from Asian mainland Hunters and gatherers
Ainu- one of Japan’s earliest cultures
Clans and extended families ruled villages
Kami- natural spirits people worshipped

8. Early Japan Shinto- religion is the way of the Kami
Everything in nature has a Kami (spirit)
No sacred text or structure
People build shrines to Kami
Torii-red gateway marks entrance

9. The Yamato Clan Amatrerasu- most revered Kami
Japan’s first emperor was a grandson of the sun goddess
The emperor belonged to the Yamato clan
Other clans gained power , emperor stayed

10. Foreign Influences on Japan
Korean Influences
Most originated in China
Korean scribes introduced Chinese writing
Japanese did not have a written language
Adopted Chinese writing

11. Foreign Influences on Japan
Chinese Influences
Prince Shokotu
- helped spread Buddhism to Japan
Shokotu- admired China
Sent scholars to learn from China
200 years missionaries went to China under the Tang dynasty

12. Foreign Influence on Japan
Chinese fashions, foods, and tea were popular
Japanese adopted Confucian ideas about family
Adopted Tang ideas
Strong bureaucracy
Code of law
Japan resisted civil service

13. Foreign Influence on Japan
Japan resisted civil service
Nobles held high offices
Tang dynasty declines Japan stops mission to China
Used what they learned to create their own unique culture and society

14. The Heian Period 749 capitol moved to Heian (Kyoto) 794-1185
Nobles lived in beautiful palaces
Gardening, art, poetry
Nobles “dwellers among the clouds”

15. The Heian Period Rules of etiquette for court, behavior, and dress
Women 12 layer gowns
Writing letters was an art form
Women enjoyed writing and reading

16. The Heian Period Women produced literature Lady Murasaki Shikibu
1100 wrote Tale of Genji
World’s first length novel

17. The Fujiwaras This family controlled Japan during Heian
Rich landowners challenged them

18. Korea Peninsula south of Asian mainland Open to invasion
Both China and Korea would dominate over time
Geography
Rugged mountains
Little agriculture

19. Early Korea Nomads Formed clans China influenced culture
Han dynasty colonized part of Korea
Confucianism
Chinese writing
Buddhism introduced

20. Early Korea Silla allied with China for control
Silla then defeated China in Korea
Silla’s rulers paid tribute to China
Silla
Promoted Buddhism
Created central government

21. The Koryo Dynasty Basis for the word Korea Lasted until 1392
Adopted Chinese ideas
But maintained distinct features
Koryo adopted civil service
Only for nobles

22. The Koryo Dynasty Culture thrived Celadon- blue green glaze on pottery
Carved 80,000 wooded blocks for printing
Koreans created movable metal type
1200 Mongols invade
1392 found a new dynasty