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Leadership Development and Diversity in Academic Family Medicine
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There are 4 key domains within academic family medicine leadership
There are 4 key domains within academic family medicine leadership. Leaders often hold positions that cross over multiple domains. Key Pathways into Academic Family Medicine Leadership Clinician Primarily clinic focused with leadership roles throughout the department/service lines Educator Expanded leadership roles throughout medical school and residency program Domains of Academic Family Medicine Researcher Focus on scholarly work and primary research GME Leadership roles within the academic institution, primarily resident focused Subsequent slides depict each track independently for the sake of simplicity; however, there many examples of individuals crossing over from one pathway to another.
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As a general overview, there are 4 key pathways within Academic Family Medicine. Although depicted as silos, many leaders hold positions in multiple domains throughout their career. Key Pathways into Academic Family Medicine Leadership Student Resident CLINICIAN EDUCATOR RESEARCHER GME Longitudinal exposure to Mentoring Team Ambulatory doc Inpatient doc Clinical leader (e.g. clinic chief) Service line director VPMA CMO Chair Dean Preceptor Small group leader Lecturer Course director Division Chief Curriculum committee Chair Dean Research assistant Fellow Research faculty Regular faculty Research director Institute/Center Director Chair Dean Residency faculty Associate program director Program director GME chief DIO Chair Dean Years Post-Residency
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Opportunities within the Student and Resident Domains
CLINICIAN EDUCATOR RESEARCHER GME Student and resident points of entry into leadership are typically through the FMIG or State AFP. It is important to develop a mentorship team during this phase. Opportunities within the Student and Resident Domains STUDENT RESIDENT Internal External – Statewide External – National Involvement in: FMIG State AFP AAFP/STFM Non-FM organizations (AMA, AAMC, AMSA, SNMA, NHMA, AAIP, etc) Recruitment Leader Chief Resident Housestaff Council Curriculum committee State AFP participation Leadership in AFP AAFP Elected/Appointed position Representative to other organizations (STFM, ADFM, ABFM, AFMRD) Chapter Delegate
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Opportunities within the Clinician Domain
STUDENT RESIDENT CLINICIAN EDUCATOR RESEARCHER GME Clinically focused family physicians can assume leadership positions in at multiple levels in the clinical and administrative realms. Opportunities within the Clinician Domain Clinician Ambulatory doc Inpatient doc Clinical leader (e.g. clinic chief) Service Line Director VPMA CMO Chair Dean Internal Ambulatory service chief Director of Quality and/or Safety Medical Director External – Outside of Institution Local medical society committees State society and legislative advocacy roles Leader of an ACO AMA Committee Member Extra Training Lean Certification MPH MBA
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Opportunities within the Educator Domain
STUDENT RESIDENT CLINICIAN EDUCATOR RESEARCHER GME Educators function at multiple levels in community, residency and medical school environments Opportunities within the Educator Domain EDUCATOR Preceptor Small group leader Lecturer Course director Division Chief Curriculum committee Chair Dean Internal Block Director Course Director Admissions committee Division director Associate dean External – Outside of Institution STFM Education Committee Program Chair Medical Education Director Volunteer – student-run clinics State academy education pipeline STFM Board of Directors Extra Training Leadership courses Extra Degrees Faculty Development Fellowship (UNC) AAMC courses STFM leadership program ADFM chair development workshops
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STUDENT RESIDENT CLINICIAN EDUCATOR RESEARCHER GME Researcher focused faculty build administrative skills through leadership of teams and skills in obtaining grant funding. Opportunities within the Researcher Domain RESEARCHER Internal External – Outside of Institution Extra Training Research assistant Fellow Research Faculty Research Director Institute/Center Director Chair Dean Research Fellow Research Principal Investigator Research Consortium Director Research Fellowship Director NAPCRG Committee Leader NAPCRG President HRSA Reviewer NIH Study Section National Review Committees Masters in Clinical Research PhD in Translational Science/Epid/other NRSA Primary Care Research Fellowship Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program NIH/DoD/Private Career Development Programs
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Opportunities within the GME Domain External – Outside of Institution
STUDENT RESIDENT CLINICIAN EDUCATOR RESEARCHER GME Direct responsibility for training residents builds broad academic and administrative skills across a variety of environments Opportunities within the GME Domain GME Internal External – Outside of Institution Extra Training Residency faculty ↓ Associate program director Program director GME chief DIO Chair Dean OSCE developer Simulation Ctr and Standardized Patient development Assistant Program Director Program Director DIO AAMC Group on Resident Affairs NIPDD Academic Council AFMRD Task Force Member AFMRD Board of Directors RRC/RAP positions ACGME position AAFP Program Director’s Workshop AFMRD National Institute for Program Director Development (NIPDD)
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Multi-dimensional Mentoring Team
Each leader should ensure a multi-dimensional mentoring team fulfilling roles of ‘mentor’, ‘coach’ and ‘sponsor’. This team may evolve over time, but should be present throughout each step in the leadership pathway Mentoring Team Multi-dimensional Mentoring Team MENTOR Shares with the leader potential opportunities and serves as a trusted sounding board COACH Guides the leader as to which opportunities would be best to pursue SPONSOR Shares the leader’s accomplishments with others and promotes their name GME RESEARCHER EDUCATOR CLINICIAN RESIDENT STUDENT
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← Longitudinal exposure to a mentoring team → Years Post-Residency→
Additional experiences that confer credibility as a leader National service Committee member ↓ Committee chair Society volunteer leader Elected officer Regional/national appointments Local health department chief State health secretary HHS, CDC, VA, DoD, NIH positions Legislative roles – state and national Multi-institutional perspective Years Post-Residency→ Student Resident CLINICIAN Ambulatory doc Inpatient doc Clinical leader (e.g. clinic chief) Service line director VPMA CMO Chair ↓ Dean EDUCATOR Preceptor Small group leader Lecturer Course director Division Chief Curriculum committee Chair ↓ Dean RESEARCHER Research assistant Fellow Research faculty Regular faculty Research director Institute/Center Director Chair ↓ Dean GME Residency faculty ↓ Associate program director Program director GME chief DIO Chair Dean MENTORS Teaching mentor: How to assess potential and resilience Personal mentor: To discuss family/relationships in the context of work **Select any of the pathways above to learn more about internal experiences, external experiences, and options for additional training
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Moving to the next level – Things to consider
Multiple mentors at different levels and with different strengths Maintaining updated CV Focus on meeting/exceeding the goals of your current position External and internal assessment of gaps in skills (how to fill these gaps) Confirming ambitions are supported by loved ones Assessment of organizational, employer, or residency support for your values and goals Succession planning
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Challenges as Student and Resident Leaders
Students trained at schools without strong family medicine support (lack of department of family medicine, smaller/less active state academies, few strong family medicine role models in clinical and pre-clinical curriculum, few family physicians on admission committees and leadership in the medical school, the hidden curriculum, lack of support to attend conferences and meetings) Matching at residency programs that do not have the funds or flexibility to allow time for certain leadership opportunities (this also includes finding coverage). Curriculum doesn’t provide exposure to leadership opportunities Demands of medical school, residency, and private life (including burnout) limiting support for leadership opportunities
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Assessing and Supporting Leadership Potential
*Please reference ADFM resources such as Carillion's tools Assessing and supporting resilience Assessing leadership potential as well as nurturing a pipeline and succession plans. Recognizing importance of these steps when assuming leadership positions without going through the traditional steps or training
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