1. CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-, 10-2, & 10-3
Image from:
CELL GROWTH
& DIVISION
10-, 10-2, & 10-3
Image by Riedell

2. REMEMBER: ALL LIVING THINGS REPRODUCE
_____________
Produces offspring
by combining DNA
from 2
parents
_____________
Produces offspring
using DNA
from only
1 parent

3. You started as a single cell
… and grew
bigger!

4. Multicellular organisms grow by increasing ______ AND ___________
ALL LIVING THINGS
Grow & develop
Image by Riedell
Multicellular organisms grow
by increasing
______ AND ___________

5. Why not just make ONE GIANT cell to grow bigger?

6. BIGGER CELLS NEED MORE FOOD and OXYGEN . . .
but CAN’T TRANSPORT
IT FAST ENOUGH or IN LARGE
ENOUGH QUANTITIES!

7. = ____________________
SAME AMOUNT OF DNA
has to provide
more and more
information to
keep all the
cell parts
working!
= __________________
= ____________________

8. DNA OVERLOAD
As cell grows bigger demand on DNA “genetic library” becomes too great
Ex: As town adds more
people, you may have
to wait to read the
most popular books

9. REMEMBER: DNA CAN BE SPREAD OUT IN NON-DIVIDING CELLS ______________
SCRUNCHED UP
IN DIVIDING CELLS
_____________

10. DNA in PROKARYOTES BACTERIAL DNA is CIRCULAR HAVE ONE CHROMOSOME
NO NUCLEUS; ATTACHED TO CELL MEMBRANE

11. DNA in EUKARYOTES (Plants & Animals)
DNA is ROD-SHAPED CHROMOSOMES
FOUND IN NUCLEUS
COME IN PAIRS

12. Chromosome structure ___________________ 2 identical arms
area that holds chromatids together
__________________ PAIR
2 of each chromosome (one from mom; one from dad)

13. HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
SAME SIZE
SAME SHAPE
CARRY GENES for the SAME TRAITS
BUT ______________!
(Don’t have to have the SAME CHOICES)

14. ______________ = series of events that cells go through as they grow and develop
cells alive cell cycle

15. CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE – non-dividing phase
_____- Grow bigger Cell is “doing its job” DNA is spread out as chromatin
_____ - Synthesis (copy DNA) & chromosomal proteins
____ - Grow bigger, make organelles & molecules needed for cell division

16. CELL DIVISION ______________– Nuclear division Prophase Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis – Cytoplasm divides
_____– cell stops dividing (Ex: nerve cell)

17. Figure 10–4 The Cell Cycle Section 10-2 G1 phase M phase S phase

18. INTERPHASE (G1 - S - G2) Can’t see chromosomes
____________ divisions Cells are in this phase most of the time
Can see nucleus
DNA spread out as chromatin
Can’t see chromosomes
DNA gets copied (S)
Cell gets ready to divide

19. PROPHASE ____dividing phase DNA scrunches into chromosomes
Pearson Education Inc publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall
PROPHASE
____dividing phase
DNA scrunches into chromosomes
Centrioles appear in next to nucleus & move to opposite sides of cell
Nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear
Spindle fibers form & attach to chromosomes

20. Spindle MICROTUBULES attach to centromeres

21. METAPHASE Chromosomes line up in ___________
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22. ANAPHASE Centromeres split Centrioles pull chromatids_______
Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

23. TELOPHASE (reverse prophase steps)
See ______ nuclei
Nuclear membrane & nucleolus return
Chromosomes spread out as chromatin
Centrioles disappear
Spindle fibers disappear
Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

24. CYTOKINESIS Cytoplasm splits into 2 cells
ANIMAL CELLS pinch cytoplasm in two
with a ______________________

25. CYTOKINESIS Cytoplasm splits into 2 cells
PLANT CELLS can’t pinch because
they have a sturdy ____________
Plant cells separate cytoplasm by growing a _______________ down the middle.

26. Videos
Animal Cell Mitosis
Animal Cell Cytokinesis