1. Aim: What are the different types of rocks.
Objective: Ability classify the three basic types
Vocabulary: igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, lava, magma, molten

2. Is this lava or magma, or both?

3. Molten rock is liquid rock.
Do you think molten rock is hot ?
Inside the earth it is called magma
When it reaches the outside: lava

4. Magma and/or lava forms igneous rock
Magma forms intrusive igneous rock
Lava forms extrusive igneous rock
What’s the difference?

5. Intrusive igneous rock – large crystals
Granite

6. Intrusive igneous rock – large crystals
Granite
Occurs when magma cools slowly !

7. Extrusive igneous rock – small crystals
Basalt
Occurs when lava cools quickly

8. Igneous Rock Intrusive Extrusive Formed From Magam lava Cools Slowly
quickly
Results
Large crystals
Small crystals
Granite
Basalt

10. Sedimentary rocks “show” layers

11. Formation
 Sedimentary rocks are formed from pebbles, sand, silt, or clay
Also formed from the shells or microscopic skeletons of dead sea organisms (1-celled)  
Streams carry the tiny eroded fragments of stone and spread them out over a flood plain.
Layers of these materials are built up over millions of years.  
The layers of sediment turn into rock strata.

12. Formation
Sedimentary rocks are formed when eroded fragments of old rocks and dead organisms settle (usually in seas or rivers) to form a sediment. Over millions of years, layers of sediment build up and are buried one on top of the other.
They are compressed, and their weight squeezes out the water.
Eventually they become bonded together to form sedimentary rocks.

13. Formation
What are they like? Sedimentary rocks have a layered appearance. They may contain fossil remains of animals and plants that were trapped as the rocks formed. These fossils can be used to date the rock.
Limestone, sandstone and mudstone are examples of sedimentary rocks.

14. A stream is carrying silt and clay
A stream is carrying silt and clay
into a large lake or sea.

15. Millions of years have gone by and there are many layers of deposited sediment now. Some of the sediment granules have been cemented together by minerals that were dissolved in the water.  They have turned into layers of rock

16. Millions of years later, the water is no longer there, Sedimentary rocks is exposed to the atmosphere on Earth.

17. Millions of years later, pressure from inside the Earth may cause the layers of rock to rise or fall
BTW: Which layer of rock is the oldest?

18. Sometimes there is an earthquake or other fault which make the layers “disjoint”

19. Sometimes the older sedimentary layers are covered by new volcanic activity: magma or lava

21. Metamorphic Rocks
Sometimes existing rock is subject to extreme heat or pressure –
This changes the rock to a new classification called metamorphic rock

22. Metamorphic formation may form in areas where existing layers of rock comes under great pressure because they are under so many other layers of rock.

23. Rock Cycle Rocks can and do change from one form to another.
The Rock Cycle is a model of these changes which may occur over millions of year !