4. Discussion Outline

5. Cells of the Immune System

6. Innate Immunity

7. Receptors on T and B Cells Are Specific for Each Antigen

8. Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems

9. Antigen Presentation

10. Adaptive Immunity

11. Function of the Immune System

12. Tumor Escape Mechanisms

13. Risk for Malignancies Is Higher in Immunosuppressed Patients With Organ Transplants Compared With in Healthy Individuals*

14. Cancer and Immunoediting

15. Antigen Presentation and T-Cell Priming

16. Reasons for Failed Vaccine Studies

17. Tumor Antigens

18. Dual Role of the Immune System in Cancer

19. Chimeric Antigen-Receptor T Cells for Lymphoma

20. Multiple Costimulatory and Inhibitory Interactions Regulate T-Cell Responses

21. CTLA-4: Negatively Modulates the Immune Response

22. Phase 3 Trial of Ipilimumab in Melanoma

23. Progression-Free Survival in Patients Receiving Ipilimumab for Lung Cancer

24. Immune Checkpoints Regulate the Immune System

25. Phase 1 Study: Activity of Nivolumab

26. Targeted Agents Against Immune Checkpoint Pathways

27. Antibodies to Tumor-Expressing Antigens

28. Measuring Response With Immune Therapies

29. Future Objectives

30. Nivolumab + Ipilimumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma

31. Combination Studies of Checkpoint Inhibitors

32. Conclusions

33. Abbreviations

34. Abbreviations (cont)

35. Abbreviations (cont)

36. References

37. References (cont)

38. References (cont)

39. References (cont)

40. References (cont)

41. References (cont)

42. References (cont)

43. References (cont)

44. References (cont)

45. References (cont)

46. References (cont)

47. References (cont)