1. Lesson starter What is the difference between alpha and beta glucose?
What type of reaction involves glucose molecules joining up together to make glycogen?

2. What do all these foods have in common?
Title: Lipds November 2018
Learning question: Why are lipids important in the human body?
Homework: Homework due Wednesday 21st October LP6 and 7
What do all these foods have in common?

3. Key words
Saturated
Unsaturated
Condensation reaction
Ester bond
Triglyceride
Glycerol
Fatty acids

4. Aims from specification
describe, with the aid of diagrams, the basic structure of glycerol and fatty acids;
outline the formation of triglycerides by the condensation reactions between glycerol and fatty acids;
describe the structures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and outline their roles and importance in the human body;
describe, with the aid of diagrams, the structure of a phospholipid molecule.

5. About lipids – some facts you need to know
Lipids cover a large group of molecules that include fats, oils and cholesterol
Lipids are non-polar molecules.
Lipids are hydrophobic, which makes them insoluble in water.
What do the sentences above mean?
Write them out in every day language to help you remember them.

6. Fats and oils Types of lipids known as triglycerides.
Made up of one glycerol molecule joined to three fatty acids.

7. describe, with the aid of diagrams, the basic structure of glycerol and fatty acids

8. A fatty acid molecule is a hydrocarbon with a carboxylic acid group attached

9. Fats and oils – condensation reactions
Three fatty acids join on to one glycerol molecule by a condensation reaction.
The bonds formed are called ester bonds.
The molecule formed is a triglyceride

10. outline the formation of triglycerides by the condensation reactions between glycerol and fatty acids;

11. Task 1 – Fatty acids Read the section “Fatty acids” on page 24
Make a table to summarise the differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
Write down 4 key words on your whiteboard to share with the class

12. Task 2 – uses of lipids in the body
Type of lipid
Use

13. Fatty acids Saturated fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids
Hydrocarbon chains have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached – it is saturated
We know this because all the bonds are single bonds
Saturated fatty acids tend to have higher melting points so are solid at room temperature
Has double bonds between carbons – does not have as many hydrogen atoms, therefore is unsaturated
Tends to be liquid at room temperature e.g. oils

14. describe the structures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and outline their roles and importance in the human body;

15. Cholesterol Is a kind of steroid but does not have the same structure
Found in the plasma membrane to keep it fluid
Other steroids are important as hormones
Testosterone
Oestrogen

16. Phospholipids
These are polar molecules that form a bilayer in cell membranes
Contain glycerol and two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to the head region

17. Transport of lipids Lipids are not soluble in water
This means that they cannot be dissolved in blood plasma and carried around the body in the same manner as glucose
Triglycerides are broken down to glycerol and fatty acids.
Glycerol dissolves into the blood plasma
Fatty acids combine with plasma proteins and carried in the blood as small globules

18. Plenary - Exam questions

19. Plenary - Exam questions

20. Exam answers