1. ROOSEVELT, TAFT, & WILSON

2. Theodore Roosevelt (R 1901-1909)

3. Life and Career Born New York City October 27, 1858 Attended Harvard
Died January 6, 1919
Attended Harvard
Historian
New York Police Commissioner ( )
Assistant Secretary of the Navy ( )
Rough Rider
New York Governor ( )

4. Young Roosevelt

5. Police Commissioner Roosevelt

6. Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt

7. Presidency Youngest person to serve as President Square Deal
42 years old
Square Deal
Various progressive reforms
Use the Presidency as a “bully pulpit”
Trustbuster
“Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Believed in a powerful federal government

8. Trustbuster Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
1900 trusts control 4/5 of U.S. industries
Many practiced unfair business practices
Roosevelt first to use Sherman Antitrust Act to apply to a corporation
Roosevelt files 44 antitrust suits in his presidency
Taft breaks up 90 trusts

9. Trustbuster

10. Northern Securities Company Case (1902)
Northern Securities Trust
Great Northern Railroad, Union Pacific Railroad, Northern Pacific Railroad
Have a monopoly of railroads
Controlled 32,000 miles of track
1904 Supreme Court declares NSC violates the Sherman Antitrust Act

11. Roosevelt vs. Railroads

12. United Mine Workers Strike
Winter approaching, shortage of coal
Roosevelt calls both sides in to work on a deal
Mine operators difficult to deal with
Roosevelt threatens to take over the mines
Mine workers get a 10% wage increase and 9 hour work day

13. World Map

14. Panama Canal Philippe Bunau-Varilla Nicaragua & Panama
Bunau-Varilla organizes a Panamanian rebellion
November 3, 1903 Panama declares independence from Columbia
U.S. and Panama agree to deal
U.S. pay $10 million, plus $250,000 annual rent
Work started in 1904
Opened August 15, 1914
Total cost - $380 million

15. Canal Today

16. Canal Construction

17. Panama Canal

18. Roosevelt Corollary Monroe Doctrine
Demanded that European countries stay out of affairs in Latin America
U.S. needed to increase its role as protector of Latin America
U.S. has the right to intervene if a nation was victim of unwanted foreign aggression or it was violating the rights of the United States

19. Election of 1904 Platform Similar platform
Theodore Roosevelt (R)
Alton B. Parker (D)
Platform
Supported gold standard
Independence for the Philippines
Against monopolies
Similar platform
Called Roosevelt “arbitrary and radical”

20. Election of 1904
Roosevelt
Parker

21. Election of 1904 Platform Pop Vote: 7,630,457 Electoral Vote: 336
Theodore Roosevelt (R)
Alton B. Parker (D)
Platform
Supported gold standard
Independence for the Philippines
Against monopolies
Pop Vote: 7,630,457
Electoral Vote: 336
“My dear I am no longer a political accident”
Similar platform
Called Roosevelt “arbitrary and radical”
Pop Vote: 5,083,880
Electoral Vote: 140

22. Japan and Russia Fighting for control of Manchuria and Korea
Russo-Japanese War
Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)
Fighting for control of Manchuria and Korea
Roosevelt feared this would affect a neutral China
Japan winning war
Running out of soldiers and money
Call on Roosevelt to help mediate negotiations
Japan returns northern half of Sakhalin Island
Russia returns southern Manchuria to China
Recognizes Japanese control of Korea
Wins Roosevelt the Nobel Peace Prize (1906)

23. Manchuria and Korea Map

24. Treaty of Portsmouth

25. How many U.S. Presidents have won a Nobel Peace Prize?
ANSWER: Theodore Roosevelt (1906), Woodrow Wilson (1920), Jimmy Carter (2002), and Barack Obama (2009)

26. Football 1905: 19 deaths, 137 severe injuries
Calls in presidents of top schools
Pushes rule changes
Leads to creation of NCAA
Forward Pass
10 yards for 1st down
Neutral zone

27. U.S. Navy Roosevelt wants to send U.S. Navy on a world tour
Wanted to flex the U.S. muscles
Increases the number of battleships
Asks for 4, Congress gives him 2
Navy grows from 19,000 men to 45,000 men
Add 10 more ships
Becomes 3rd largest Navy in the world

28. Muckrakers Roosevelt gives nickname “muckraker” Upton Sinclair
The Jungle
Exposed conditions in Chicago meat packing industry
Meat Inspection Act (1906)
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
FDA

29. Meat Packing Industry

30. Meat Packing Industry

31. Meat Packing Industry

32. Meat Packing Industry

33. Food Issues Today

34. Conservation Sets aside new lands 16 new national monuments
148 million acres of forest reserves
Creates 5 new National Parks
16 new national monuments
Newlands Act (1902)
Set up the Reclamation Bureau
Money for dams, national parks, etc.
National Forest Service
Gifford Pinchot

35. Land Conservation