1. Nonverbal communication
Chapter 4
Nonverbal communication

2. What is nonverbal communication?
The process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words

3. Characteristics of nonverbal communication
Nonverbal communication is:
Communicative
Often spontaneous and unintentional
Ambiguous
More believable than verbal communication (channel discrepancy)

4. Functions of nonverbal communication
Reinforces verbal messages
Repeating
Complementing (e.g. pat on the back)
Accenting (e.g. eye contact)
Substituting for verbal messages
Contradicting verbal message
Regulating interactions (e.g. putting hand up)

5. Functions of nonverbal communication
Creating immediacy
Deceiving others

6. Nonverbal Codes
Symbols we use to send messages without, or in addition to, words
Kinesics
Emblems (substitute)
Illustrators (help explain)
Regulators (complement speech)
Adaptors (satisfy phys. need)
Affect displays (convey feelings moods, etc.)

7. Nonverbal codes Eye behavior (oculesics) Voice Physical appearance
Paralanguage
Vocal quality
Physical appearance
Attractiveness has advantages
Artifacts matter

8. Nonverbal codes Space and Environment
Proxemics – The way we use and communicate about space
Territoriality – the claiming of an area through occupation
Environment – (lighting, layout, design cleanliness, etc.)

9. Nonverbal codes

10. Nonverbal codes

11. Nonverbal codes Touch (haptics) Functional-professional Social-polite
Friendship-warmth
Love-intimacy
Sexual-arousal

12. Nonverbal codes Time (Chronemics)
Time orientations: Personal associations with the use of time

13. Influences on nonverbal communication
The situational context
Public-private dimension
Informal-formal dimension

14. Discussion
How would you design your workspace? How would you communicate through space? What rationales would you offer your employees for such an arrangement?