1. Overview of the Six Kingdoms

2. Vocabulary Which term means one-celled? Many-celled? multicellular
unicellular
Which term means that the organism produces its own food? Consumes food?
autotroph
heterotroph

3. Vocabulary
Prokaryotic – describes an organism with cells that have a cell membrane but do NOT have a nuclear membrane
Eukaryotic – describes an organism with cells that have a cell membrane and a nuclear membrane

4. Vocabulary Autotrophic – makes its own food
Heterotrophic – gets nutrients from the food it consumes

5. List of the Three Domains and the Six Kingdoms
1. Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
2. Domain Archaea
Kingdom Archaebacteria
3. Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Animalia

6. Kingdom Eubacteria
Bacteria can live in many places on earth, inhabiting a wide variety of habitats, including other organisms
Unicellular
Prokaryotic – no nucleus or organelles
Autotrophic or heterotrophic
Thick cells walls with peptidoglycan

7. Kingdom Eubacteria
Bacterial have different shapes, such as round, spiral and rod-shaped.

8. Kingdom Eubacteria
Bacteria can cause a wide variety of diseases, such as strep throat, food poisoning and the Black Death (bubonic plague of the Middle Ages)

9. Kingdom Eubacteria
Bacteria also play an important role in decomposition, nitrogen fixation and human digestion (E. coli)
Soybean root containing billions of bacteria

10. Kingdom Eubacteria
Procholorococcus – an autotrophic bacterium – What does that mean about how it gets its nutrients?

11. Kingdom Eubacteria
Bacteria from an Nitrifying Trickle Filter (NTF) stained with acridene orange.  The stain makes DNA appear yellow and RNA appear orange.

12. Kingdom Archaebacteria
Bacteria that live in extreme habitats, such as hot springs, geysers, volcanic hot pools, brine pools, black smokers
Unicellular
Prokaryotic
Autotrophic or heterotrophic
Cell walls without peptidoglycan

13. Kingdom Archaebacteria
Morning Glory Pool in Yellowstone National Park – note the bright colors from the archaebacteria growing in the extremely hot water.

14. Kingdom Archaebacteria
Some like it hot! Bacillus infernus

15. Kingdom Archaebacteria
Archaebacteria can live deep in the ocean near geothermal vents called black smokers
There is no light, so they carry out chemosynthesis instead of photosynthesis

16. Kingdom Protista Extremely diverse group - aquatic Eukaryotic
Most unicellular, some colonial, some multicellular
Autotrophic and heterotrophic
Some with cell walls containing cellulose; some carry out photosynthesis with chloroplasts

17. Kingdom Protista Euglena - autotrophic
Volvox – green algae, colonial protist
A slime mold
Amoeba - heterotrophic

18. Kingdom Fungi Eukaryotic Most are multicellular
Heterotrophic (decomposers)
Cell walls made of chitin
Do NOT move. Live on or in their food.
Nutrients absorbed after extracellular digestion
All reproduce by forming spores

19. Kingdom Fungi Bleu cheese mold Ringworm Shelf or bracket fungi
Athlete’s foot
Mushrooms
YEAST
Mildew
Bread mold

20. Kingdom Plantae Eukaryotic Multicellular Autotrophic
Cell wall of cellulose; chloroplasts present

21. Kingdom Plantae
ALL PLANTS – mosses, ferns, grasses, trees, shrubs

22. Kingdom Animalia Eukaryotic Multicellular Heterotrophic
No cell walls, no chloroplasts
Motile – move to get their food

23. Kingdom Animalia Worms, sponges, sea urchins,
Invertebrates, vertebrates
Flatworm
Sponge
Jellyfish
Octopus
Coral snake
Bear

25. Explain how to use a taxonomic key and tell what it is used for

26. TAXONOMIC KEYS DICHOTOMOUS KEYS
USED TO IDENTIFY ORGANISMS
STARTING AT THE TOP CHOOSE THE BEST CHARACTERISTIC OF EACH PAIR, READING THE NEXT STEP UNTIL YOU FIND THE NAME

27. KINGDOM CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES
ARCHAEBACTERA CELL WALL, HARSH ENVIRONMENT BACTERIA
EUBACTERIA CELL WALL OF PEPTIGOGLYCAN BACTERIA
FUNGI CELL WALL OF CHITIN MOLD, MUSHROOMS, YEAST
PROTISTA SIMPLE, AQUATIC, CELL WALLS,EUKARYOTIC ALGAE, PROTOZOANS
PLANTAE CELL WALL OF CELLULOSE, PHOTOSYNTHETIC MOSS, FERNS, PLANTS
ANIMALIA NO CELL WALL, MOVE, HETEROTROPHIC SPONGES, INVERTS, VERTS