1. CPR

2. Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest
A heart attack occurs when heart muscle tissue dies.
Cardiac arrest results when the heart stops beating.

3. Caring for Cardiac Arrest
Chain of survival
Recognition and action
CPR
Defibrillation
Advanced care
Post-arrest care

4. Performing CPR Check for responsiveness. Check for breathing.
Call
CPR if unresponsive and not breathing
Chest compressions
Rescue breaths
© Berta A. Daniels, 2010

5. Chest Compressions (1 of 3)
2 hands for adults
1 or 2 hands for a child
2 fingers for an infant
Compression depth
Adult and child: 2 inches
Infant: 1½ inches (1/3 depth of the chest)
Compression rate
At least 100 per minute
30 compressions in seconds
© Berta A. Daniels, 2010

6. Chest Compressions (2 of 3)
Location
Adult and child: center of chest between nipples
Infants: just below nipple line
Cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until:
AED becomes available.
Victim shows signs of life.
EMS takes over.
You are too tired to continue.

7. Chest Compressions (3 of 3)
Chest compressions alone are an acceptable alternative.
Provide continuous chest compressions.
© Berta A. Daniels, 2010

8. Rescue Breaths After every 30 compressions:
Tilt the head and lift the chin.
Close the nose.
Give 2 breaths.
See the chest rise.
© Berta A. Daniels, 2010

9. Airway Obstruction Mild blockage Severe/complete blockage
Coughing forcefully
Severe/complete blockage
Weak, ineffective cough
Unable to breathe or speak
Common causes of obstruction
Tongue, vomit, foreign body, swelling, spasm

10. Caring for Airway Obstruction (1 of 5)
Responsive adult or child: Heimlich maneuver
Abdominal thrusts just above navel
Perform thrusts until object is removed or victim is unresponsive.
Chest thrusts for larger or pregnant victims

11. Caring for Airway Obstruction (2 of 5)
Responsive infant
Support infant’s head and lay infant’s face down over your forearm and thigh.
Give 5 back blows.
Roll infant face-up.
Give 5 chest thrusts.

12. Caring for Airway Obstruction (3 of 5)
Back Blows
Chest Thrusts

13. Caring for Airway Obstruction (4 of 5)
Unresponsive adult or child, if breath fails to go in:
Retilt the head.
Reattempt breath.
Give 30 chest compressions.
Check airway.
Remove object if visible.
© Berta A. Daniels, 2010

14. Caring for Airway Obstruction (5 of 5)
Unresponsive infant, if breath fails to go in:
Retilt the head.
Reattempt breath.
Give 30 compressions.
Check the airway.
Remove the object if visible.