1. Country Shapes & Attributes
Bonus: Enclaves & Exclaves

2. Compact Centralized Small Ex. Poland
Easy to manage due to gov’t proximity to all state locations
Easy to defend
Easy to communicate
Small
Fewer natural resources
Ex. Poland

3. Prorupted Long extension or extended arm Ex. Thailand
Easy access to the coast & resources there
Prevent rival access
Ex. Thailand

4. Perforated One state that completely surrounds another
The surrounded state can only be reached by traveling through the surrounding state
Problems can arise if there is hostility
Making the surrounded state almost impossible to get to
Ex. South Africa & Lesotho

5. Fragmented A state that is separated by a physical or human barrier
Difficult to govern
Makes communication difficult
Ex. Indonesia

6. Elongated A long, narrow state Ex. Chile Difficult to defend
Governance of periphery areas becomes difficult
Encompasses a variety of landscapes
Ex. Chile

7. Enclave A country or part of a country surrounded by another
No political affinity to surrounding state
Ex. The Vatican

8. Exclave
A part of a country that is or is almost entirely separated from the country
Ex. Alaska