1. What is Matter?
Chapter 2
Section 1

2. matter – anything that has mass & takes up space (volume)

3. Mass vs. Weight Mass Weight mass - amount of matter an object contains
SI unit is the kilogram (kg)
can be measured using a balance (triple beam)
mass is the same on Earth and in space
weight - a measure of the force of gravity on an object
SI unit is the Newton (N)
can be measured using a scale (spring)
depends on gravity, thus is different on Earth and in space

4. Physical Properties
Chapter 2
Section 2

5. Physical Properties Examples:
physical property - any characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity of the matter
Examples:
color
shape
odor/smell
taste
mass
volume
state of matter
density
thermal conductivity
malleability
ductility
solubility

6. Color
The ability to distinguish
Apple is red
Odor
The ability to distinguish based on smell
Sulfur has a rotten smell
Mass
The amount of matter that something is made of
Is it heavy?
Volume
Amount of space taken up
Can all the book fit in the backpack?
Thermal Conductivity
The ability to transfer thermal energy from one area to another
Plasticfoam is a poor conductor, so hot chocolate in a plasticfoam cup will not burn your hand
State
The physical form in which a substance exists, such as solid liquid, or gas
Ice is water in its solid state
Malleability
The ability to be pounded into thin sheets
Aluminum can be rolled or pounded into sheets to make foil
Ductility
The ability to be drawn or pulled into a wire
Copper is often used to make wirings
Solubility
The ability to dissolve in another substance
Sugar dissolves in water
Density
Mass per unit volume
Lead is used to make sinkers for fishing like because lead is more dense than water.

7. Density density – the amount of matter within a given volume
Demonstration: People in a square
Which square is more dense?

8. Now which one is more dense?
Density
Now which one is more dense?

9. Density in Liquid Object is MORE dense (higher density) it will SINK
Object is LESS dense
(lower density) it will FLOAT

10. Liquid Layers
If you pour together liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers.
The liquid with the highest density will be on the bottom.
The liquid with the lowest density will be on the top.

11. Liquid Layers Which layer has the highest density?
Which layer has the lowest density?
Imagine that the liquids have the following densities:
10g/cm3
3g/cm3
6g/cm3
5g/cm3
Which number would go with which layer?

12. Density
ALWAYS REMEMBER UNITS!

13. Physical Change
physical change - a change that changes the appearance of matter but the identity of matter stays the same
Examples:
cutting
breaking
tearing
melting