1. Welcome! October 31st, 2017 Tuesday
Do Now
Get out your weekly Bell Ringer sheet and begin working on Tuesday’s assignment. Once the bell rings, you will have five minutes to guess the meaning of the word. Make sure you explain your thinking!
Remember: Do Now's are INDEPENDENT and QUIET exercises. Thank you 

2. Read the following sentence and guess the meaning of the word usurp based on the context.
Since Rachel could not attend the prom, Ashley had plans to usurp the title of prom queen.
To usurp is to take (a position of power or importance) illegally or by force.
© Presto Plans

3. Film Analysis
Today, we’re going to watch two different film versions of Act 1 of Romeo and Juliet. Both versions are extremely different takes on London’s story, and we’re going to decide which one best captures Shakespeare’s vision
But first, we have to talk about terminology. Just like how you have to know what metaphors, symbolism, and tone are before you can really delve into literary analysis, you have to know a few technical terms to be able to analyze movies.

4. Film Analysis: Terminology
Before we get into any terms, you should know some of the basics:
Director: The person who makes the choices for the film’s style. The director stamps a film with his/her own "personality."
Controls the films artistic and dramatic aspects while guiding the technical crew and actors
Shot: a single stream of video, uninterrupted by editing. A shot ends when the camera “cuts” to another image, similar to the blink of an eye

5. Film Terminology: Framing
Framing: Where the subject of the scene (the character or an object, usually) is within the “frame” of the camera
Close-Up: Where the subject takes up most of the screen. When a close-up focuses on a character’s face, usually the director wants to draw attention to the character’s facial expression (and therefore inner emotions).

6. Film Terminology: Framing
Long-Shot: When you see the character’s entire body, sometimes from a great distance. As opposed to close-ups, which emphasize emotion, long shots emphasize the character’s surrounding environment. Long shots can show a character’s isolation or vulnerability if they are alone or out of place. Long shots can also show emotional distance between two characters.

7. Film Terminology: Angles
Low-Angle Shot: When the director positions the camera below the subject, looking up. Makes the subject look powerful or larger than life.

8. Film Terminology: Angles
High-Angle Shot: When the director positions the camera above the subject, looking down. Makes the subject look smaller than normal. Emphasizes a character’s weakness or powerlessness.

9. Film Terminology: Camera Movement
Zoom: When the camera moves toward the subject to emphasize it. This is the director shouting at you: “THIS SCENE IS CRAZY IMPORTANT!” Focuses the viewer and increases attention on the subject.

10. Film Terminology: Camera Movement
Tilt/Dutch Angle: When the camera is at an angle from the horizontal axis. Creates a sense of disorientation, confusion, and/or tension in the viewer. Also creates an emotional distance between the audience and the subject – causes the audience to feel like spectators rather than participants.

11. Film Terminology: Camera Movement
Shaky Cam Effect: When the camera shakes while trying to focus on a subject. This causes the audience to feel the same intense emotions (usually fear or anger) as the characters

12. Film Terminology: Sound
Diegetic Sound: Sounds in a film that the characters can hear (it’s “really happening” in the movie). This includes sounds from the setting, characters talking, ect.)

13. Film Terminology: Sound
Non-Diegetic Sound: Sounds in a film that the characters can’t hear. This includes narrators and background music. Narrators give the audience a sense of distance from the character – we’re more aware that we’re watching a “story” than emphathasizing with the characters. Background music is usually the director’s clue as to how (s)he wants you to react to different scenes in a film. Sad scenes are normally accompanies by sad music. Same for happy moments - and can you imagine a horror film without the soundtrack?

14. Film Terminology: Lighting
Low-Key Lighting: When a director uses light sparingly, its usually a way of making the audience feel uneasy. Mysteries and suspense thrillers are also often shot in low-key light indicating that things are hidden, or that something unexpected can happen at any time.

15. Film Terminology: Lighting
High-Key Lighting: By contrast, high-key lighting indicates openness and honesty – the characters have nothing to hide. However, extremely brightly lit scenes can also indicate vulnerability and isolation.

16. Film Terminology: Acting
Acting Choices: How directors encourage their actors to portray their characters. Do they walk with confidence or do they slump? What lines do they shout, whisper? What does the actors body do as they deliver different lines – when do they fall to the ground, shake their first at the sky, laugh, cry, sigh? Everything an actor does on the screen is intentional and leads to a deeper understanding of what the filmmaker is trying to say.

17. Romeo and Juliet: Film Analysis Chart
As you watch two very different film versions of Act 1, take note of the film techniques each director used in trying to capture Shakespeare’s story. Try to find at least one specific moment for each technique from both films.

18. Script Activity
You might ask yourself…
What camera angles would be most effective to capture the mood? What framing techniques should I use? What lighting should I use throughout the scene? Where and when will these techniques change? What cues should I give the actors at each scene?
Imagine that you are the director of a new film version of Romeo and Juliet. Because this film is so highly anticipated, you want to do a flawless job of capturing the play perfectly but also adding your own unique touch to the film.
For your first job, you want to write the script to one of the most famous scenes: Romeo and Juliet’s first meeting. The dialogue will stay true to Shakespeare’s original text, but it is up to you to capture Shakespeare’s vision on screen with stage and camera directions.
Using the dialogue on your handout, write in the margins at least one example of each type of film technique (Framing, Angles, Camera Movement, Sound, Lighting, and Acting), although you are more than welcome to each more than once.

19. Script Example:
While Romeo speaks, the camera slowly zooms in from a high angle long shot until we can only see their faces. Romeo and Juliet stare at each other longingly.
Romeo
Then move not while my prayer’s effect I take.
Thus from my lips, by thine, my sin is purg’d.
(he kisses her)
As soon as they kiss, a diagetic thunderclap lights up the shadowy scene. Romeo and Juliet don’t seem to notice the danger and continue kissing.