1. Column Chromatography
Warm Up#8-
What is the stationary Phase and moble phase of each process?
Paper Chromatography
Column Chromatography

2. Classification of
Matter

3. Substance
Matter that has a constant composition and distinct properties

4. Element Substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances
Most occur naturally on Earth (118 to date)
Ex: Gold, Carbon, Hydrogen

5. Compound Two or more elements chemically combined
Has properties different than its components
Can be separated only by chemical means (electricity & heat)
Subscripts denote number of atoms
Mg3N2
__Mg, __N
Mg3(PO4)2
__Mg, __P,__O
Numbers outside of the parentheses get multiplied in 3 2 3 2 8

6. Mixture
Combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual identities
Do not have fixed proportions
Can be created or separated by physical means

7. Homogeneous Composition of the mixture is the same throughout
Also called a solution
Mixed at the molecular level and has a single phase

8. Heterogeneous
Does not have uniform composition and the individual substances remain distinct
Does not have fixed proportions (Air samples differ depending on aspects of location, altitude, population, etc or seawater samples differ upon location)
Can be created or separated by physical means

9. (Page 3 of NTs)
Matter
Mixture
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
Pure Substance
Compound
Element
Separate Physically
Separate Chemically

10. Separation Techniques
Physical vs Chemical These are all physical separation techniques we will see today.

11. Dissolving
Homogeneous solid-liquid mixtures where the liquid phase is retained

12. Distillation Chromatography
Separates homogeneous liquid-liquid mixtures based on differences in solubility and tendency to travel across the surface of another material
Separates homogeneous liquid-liquid mixtures using differences in boiling points

13. Evaporation Crystallization
Separates homogeneous solid-liquid mixtures
Results in a pure solid substance
Allowing a solution (solid dissolved in a liquid) to “dry”
Typically the liquid evaporates into the air

14. Filtration Decant Separates heterogeneous solid-liquid mixtures
To pour a liquid off a solid, from one container to another, gently to not disturb the sediment (solid)