1. Wind Chill
The first wind chill formulas and tables were developed by Paul Allman Siple and Charles F. Passel working in the Antarctic before the Second World War, and were made available by the National Weather Service by the 1970s.

2. Measured cooling rates of bottles of water

3. Cooling depends on two things
Difference in temperature between bottle (or skin) and the environmental air
Wind speed, which controls how quickly cold air is mixed down to the bottle/skin, and how rapidly warm air near bottle/skin is moved away.

4. Led to Wind Chill Formula Estimating Loss of Heat as a Function of Tempeature and Wind Speed

6. Formula Changed in 2001

7. Why goosebumps when cold?