1. SCHOOL CHANGE: Adolescents Transitioning from Conventional Schooling to Home-based Online Education Harvey Lee Klamm Samuel J. Smith
Human nature is to maintain status quo whenever possible because change is filled with uncertainty.
Bryne, Davenport, and Mazanov (2007) reported that adolescence is a time period of rapid physical growth and psychosocial development that is marked by emotional turmoil. As life stress increases, adolescents seek means to reduce crisis and establish stability.

2. Research Questions
What lived experiences do adolescents encounter when transitioning from conventional school to home-based online schooling?
Emotional
Academic and cognitive
Social
Spiritual
What strategies do adolescents employ in an attempt to succeed when transitioning from conventional school to home-based online schooling?
The literature contains studies regarding the affects of school-change on students moving from conventional school to conventional school. Hotton, Monk, and Pitman (2004) reported that transitioning between conventional schools can lead to lower self-esteem and self-efficacy caused by psychological stress experienced by adolescents in school transition.
The literature is void with regard to the lived experiences of students transitioning from conventional school to home-based online schooling – emotional, academic, environmental (home impact), and spiritual

3. Literature Review: Adolescent Theories
Storm & Stress (G. Stanley Hall, 1904)
Identity v. Role Confusion (Erikson, 1968)
Sources of Stress (Bryne et al., 2007)
Home
School
Peer Relationships
Future Uncertainty
Leisure
Finances
ADOLESCENT
The life of the adolescent is permeated with physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and academic change.
Adolescents may feel as though they are encircled in a giant interplay of interconnecting internal and external forces .
Single forces:
Bryne (2007) found that stressors such as peer pressure, romantic relationships, and parental relationships are closely related to the development of anxiety and depression in adolescents.
Multiple force relationships
Steinberg, Fegley, & Dornbusch (1993) Relationship of school and work.
Dornbusch and Brown (1992) Interconnectedness of home, peer, school, and community.
Stress reduction through resolution: primary thrust for adolescents

4. Literature Review School Change Research Homeschooling History
50% experience at least 2 school changes
10% experience at least 6 school changes
Number of school changes increasing in 21st century
Homeschooling History
Doubled in ’90s
A third homeschool for just a year
Over 87% end homeschooling after 2-6 years
Major concern: socialization.
Unfounded according to research
Influence of Technology on Homeschooling
Flexibility
Increasing in K12 public, private, & homeschool