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Machines Mr. Skirbst Physical Science Topic 06
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What is a machine?
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- an instrument that makes work easier
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What is a machine? -an instrument that makes work easier WORK INPUTMACHINE OUTPUT
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What is efficiency?
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-A comparison of work output to work input
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What is efficiency? -A comparison of work output to work input E = ( W o ) / ( W i )
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What is efficiency? -A comparison of work output to work input E = ( W o ) / ( W i ) E NEVER reaches 100% Some E always lost (friction)
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What is a mechanical advantage?
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- How much a machine multiplies the effort force
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What is a mechanical advantage? -How much a machine multiplies the effort force M.A. = ( F r ) / ( F e ) F r – resistant force F e – effort force
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What is a mechanical advantage? The higher the MA, the easier it is to do work
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What is a mechanical advantage? Illustrations: Lever:Pulley:
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What is a simple machine?
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A basic instrument that can increase the mechanical advantage
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What is a simple machine? 1.Inclined Plane - a flat, slanted surface - ex. Ramp, door lock
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What is a simple machine? 2.Wedge - inclined plane that moves - ex. knife, ax, key
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What is a simple machine? 3.Screw - inclined plane around a cylinder - ex. screw, bolt, jar lid
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What is a simple machine? 4.Lever - rigid bar free to pivot around a fulcrum - ex. crowbar, paddle, pliers
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What is a simple machine? 5.Wheel and Axle - circular object turning around an axle (larger cylinder around smaller cylinder) - ex. Wheel, windmill, door knob
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What is a simple machine? 6.Pulley - rope or chain around a grooved wheel and axle - ex. window shade, flag pole, block and tackle
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