1. Warm Up
**Complete on a separate sheet of paper and turn in to the purple bin on the back table.
Identify two examples of characteristics you would find on each of the following types of maps:
Physical
Political
Thematic

2. Internal & External forces shaping the earth
Unit 1 Day 3
Chapter 2
Section 3 and 4

3. What are internal forces?
Forces that reshape the Earth’s surface from the inside

4. Plate tectonics
They are large moving pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere
Fault line- rocks crack under pressure from plate movement
4 types of plate movement:
Divergent- plates move apart, spread out horizontally
Convergent: Subduction- one plate pushes under another plate
Convergent: Collision- plates push together and create mountains
Transform- plates slide past each other causing earthquakes

5. Earthquakes Two plates grind or slip past one another
Changes are noticeable
Richter scale- measures an earthquake’s magnitude
Interesting Fact: 1,000s of earthquakes occur a year, but most people don’t feel them
Thousands of earthquakes occur a year but most people do not feel them
Richter scale measures them
Aftershocks occur and can continue for days after the earthquake

6. Tsunamis A giant wave in the ocean Caused by earthquakes
Creates waves of feet or more
Can travel up to 450 mph

7. Volcanoes Occurs when a crack in the Earth’s surface forms
Found along tectonic plate boundaries
Magma, gases, and water from underground chambers pour out
Magma becomes lava when it reaches the surface
Ring of Fire- location of the vast majority of active volcanoes
Can be active for many years and then stop. Can remain inactive for hundreds of years before becoming active again.
Ring of Fire is the location of the vast majority of active volcanoes.

9. What are external forces?
Forces that alter the surface of the Earth with wind, heat, cold, glaciers, and floods

10. weathering Changes the characteristics of rocks on the surface
Slow process that can take years or centuries
Two types of weathering:
Mechanical- changes only the size of the rocks
Chemical- changed into a new substance (ex. iron rusting)
Breaks it into smaller pieces, human activities and plant growth can cause this
Some minerals react to oxygen and begin to crumble. Some break down when mixed with water. Warm moist areas create more chemical than dry areas, which create mechanical.

11. Weathered material is moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity
erosion
Weathered material is moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity
Three types of erosion:
Water
Wind
Glacier
Water: Can move materials in a current or grind away parts
Wind: Transports sediment to other locations and can create new landmasses
Glacier: Large, long lasting ice that moves because of gravity ( move from highest point to lowest point) and slowly change the landscape

12. 1. Explain the four types of plate movement.
On your own paper, answer the following questions. Write in complete sentences!!!!
1. Explain the four types of plate movement.
2. How are faults created?
3. What is erosion? What are the different types of erosion?
4. When does a volcano occur?
5. How do earthquakes cause damage?
6. What is a tsunami? Explain in detail.
7. Explain the two types of weathering.