1. Expanders
Ms. Treuel

2. Table of Contents
Goals
Standards
Lesson

3. Goals By the end of this slide show, I want you to be able to:
Understand what Trigger words are.
Compose sentences with partner

4. Standards
1.4.8
Write with an understanding of the stylistic aspects of composition.
Use different types and lengths of sentences.
Use nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions and interjections properly.
Use complete sentences (simple, compound, complex, declarative, interrogative, exclamatory and imperative).

5. What are Action Expanders?
Action Expanders are just a way of studying sentence structure. The advantage to using Spivey Sentences is that you not only learn about the parts of sentences, you learn how to WRITE better sentences as well.

6. P-E-T?
When you look at Spivey sentences, you must look at the Pattern of the sentence, the Example of how the sentence is written, and the Trigger words for that type of sentence.
It’s like Math class and the order of operations. Our “order of operations” is PET.

7. The first sentence pattern we are going to study is called the sentence trunk. It is called this because ALL sentences must have a “trunk,” or a who/what (subject)+ action (verb/predicate).

8. The Main Sentence Trunk
All sentences must have at least two parts called the “trunk” of the sentence.
Who/What--the subject
Action--the verb/predicate

9. Examples The dog The boy played. The checker board sat on the table.
ran to its owner.

10. So let’s look at P-E-T….
P-- who/what+ action
E-- The dog ran to its owner.
T-- there are no trigger words for the trunk.

11. Now you try. Take out a sheet of blank notebook paper
Create a proper header
Write 4 sentences that express Who + Action.
Write 4 sentences that express What + Action.

12. The When Group
Now that you have the main trunk of your sentence, you have to begin to build on that trunk using different groups. You can expand the action by using TRIGGER WORDS, or you can expand the subject by using more patterns. You can also add more then one group to a sentence. We are going to work with one group at a time, and continue to build on our SPIVEY sentence. We will begin with expand the action groups.

13. The When Group REMEMBER:
When you look at Spivey sentences, you must look at the Pattern of the sentence, the Example of how the sentence is written, and the Trigger words for that type of sentence.
It’s like Math class and the order of operations. Our “order of operations” is PET.

14. When Group Trigger Words
Before we begin to look at writing Spiveys, we need to look at the Trigger words. Each “expand the action group” has its own trigger words.

15. Trigger Words Main Sentence Trunk Day Two Who/What Action subject verb
Where
above, across, against, along, alongside, among, around,at, before, behind,below, beneath,beside, between, beyond, by, down,from, in, inside, into, near, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, through, to, toward, under, up, upon
Noun Describers
Describer noun
Describer, Describer, and Describer
Noun, describer and describer
Noun + ing
Renamer
How
like/as
with/without/by ly
When
as, after, before, since, until, when, while, during
Condition
although, if, though, unless, even though
Renamer, Repeat
Jane, my sister, helps me.
My pet, the chubby hamster in the cage, keeps me awake all night.
Main Sentence
Trunk
Why
because, so that, since, to + verb
Noun Part
Who/What
subject
Action
verb
Day Two

16. When Trigger Words When
as, after, before, since, until, when, while, during
You need to MEMORIZE these words.

17. When Group PATTERN “When group,” + Who/What + Action
Who/What + Action+ When group
Any group that comes at the beginning is followed by a comma unless it is a single word!!!!!!!!!!!

18. The When Group Example Who/what we Action cleaned our rooms.
After returning home from grandma’s house, we
Action
cleaned our rooms.

19. Now you try. Write 4 sentences that express Who/What + Action+When.
Write 4 sentences that express When, Who/What + Action.

20. The Where Group
Now that you have the main trunk of your sentence, you have to begin to build on that trunk using different groups. You can add more then one group to a sentence. We are going to work with one group at a time, and continue to build on our SPIVEY sentence.

21. The Where Group REMEMBER:
When you look at Spivey sentences, you must look at the Pattern of the sentence, the Example of how the sentence is written, and the Trigger words for that type of sentence.
It’s like Math class and the order of operations. Our “order of operations” is PET.

22. TRIGGER WORDS Main Sentence Trunk Day Three Who/What Action subject
Where
above, across, against, along, alongside, among, around,at, before, behind,below, beneath,beside, between, beyond, by, down,from, in, inside, into, near, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, through, to, toward, under, up, upon
Noun Describers
Describer noun
Describer, Describer, and Describer
Noun, describer and describer
Noun + ing
Renamer
How
like/as
with/without/by ly
When
as, after, before, since, until, when, while, during
Condition
although, if, though, unless, even though
Renamer, Repeat
Jane, my sister, helps me.
My pet, the chubby hamster in the cage, keeps me awake all night.
Main Sentence
Trunk
Why
because, so that, since, to + verb
Noun Part
Who/What
subject
Action
verb
Day Three

23. Where Trigger Words
above, across, against, along, alongside, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, down, from, in, inside, into, near, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, through, to, toward, under, up, upon

24. Who/What + Action+ Where group
PATTERN
“Where group,” + Who/What + Action Any group that comes at the beginning is followed by a comma unless it is a single word!!!!!!!!!!!
Who/What + Action+ Where group

25. The Where Group Example
Who/what
The where group
a stream
Inside the football stadium,
Action
flooded the bleachers.

26. Now you try. Write 1 sentence that express Who/What + Action+Where.
Write 1 sentence that express Where, Who/What + Action.

27. The Why Group
Now that you have the main trunk of your sentence, you have to begin to build on that trunk using different groups. You can add more then one group to a sentence. We are going to work with one at a time, and continue to expand the action of our SPIVEY sentence.

28. The Why Group REMEMBER:
When you look at Spivey sentences, you must look at the Pattern of the sentence, the Example of how the sentence is written, and the Trigger words for that type of sentence.
It’s like Math class and the order of operations. Our “order of operations” is PET.

29. TRIGGER WORDS Main Sentence Trunk
Where
above, across, against, along, alongside, among, around,at, before, behind,below, beneath,beside, between, beyond, by, down,from, in, inside, into, near, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, through, to, toward, under, up, upon
Noun Describers
Describer noun
Describer, Describer, and Describer
Noun, describer and describer
Noun + ing
Renamer
How
like/as
with/without/by ly
When
as, after, before, since, until, when, while, during
Condition
although, if, though, unless, even though
Renamer, Repeat
Jane, my sister, helps me.
My pet, the chubby hamster in the cage, keeps me awake all night.
Main Sentence
Trunk
Why
because, so that, since, to + verb
Noun Part
Who/What
subject
Action
verb
Day Four

30. Why Trigger Word
Why
because, so that, since, to + verb

31. Why Group PATTERN Why group, + Who/What + Action
Who/What + Action+ Why group
Any group that comes at the beginning is followed by a comma unless it is a single word!!!!!!!!!!!

32. The Why Group Example Action Who/what we cleaned our rooms. Who/what
Since they were messy,
Who/what
Action
The Why Group We
cleaned our rooms
so that they were not messy.

33. Now you try. Write 1 sentence that expresses Who/What + Action+Why.
Write 1 sentence that expresses Why,+ Who/What + Action.

34. The How Group
Now that you have the main trunk of your sentence, you have to begin to build on that trunk using different groups. You can add more then one group to a sentence. We are going to work with one group at a time, and continue to expand the action of our SPIVEY sentence.

35. The How Group REMEMBER:
When you look at Spivey sentences, you must look at the Pattern of the sentence, the Example of how the sentence is written, and the Trigger words for that type of sentence.
It’s like Math class and the order of operations. Our “order of operations” is PET.

36. Main Sentence Trunk Day Five Who/What Action HOWTRIGGER WORDS subject
Where
above, across, against, along, alongside, among, around,at, before, behind,below, beneath,beside, between, beyond, by, down,from, in, inside, into, near, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, through, to, toward, under, up, upon
Noun Describers
Describer noun
Describer, Describer, and Describer
Noun, describer and describer
Noun + ing
Renamer
How
like/as
with/without/by ly
When
as, after, before, since, until, when, while, during
Condition
although, if, though, unless, even though
Renamer, Repeat
Jane, my sister, helps me.
My pet, the chubby hamster in the cage, keeps me awake all night.
Main Sentence
Trunk
Why
because, so that, since, to + verb
Noun Part
Day Five
Who/What
subject
Action
verb

37. How Trigger Words
like/as
with/without/by ly

38. How Group PATTERN How group, + Who/What + Action
Who/What + Action+ How group
Any group that comes at the beginning is followed by a comma unless it is a single word!!!!!!!!!!!

39. The How Group Example Action Who/what we cleaned our rooms. Who/what
Like busy beavers,
Who/what
Action
The How Group We
cleaned our rooms
quickly.

40. Now you try. Write 1 sentence that expresses Who/What + Action+ How.
Write 1 sentence that expresses How,+ Who/What + Action.

41. The Condition
Now that you have the main trunk of your sentence, you have to begin to build on that trunk using different groups. You can add more then one group to a sentence. We are going to work with one group at a time, and continue to expand the action of our SPIVEY sentence.

42. The Condition REMEMBER:
When you look at Spivey sentences, you must look at the Pattern of the sentence, the Example of how the sentence is written, and the Trigger words for that type of sentence.
It’s like Math class and the order of operations. Our “order of operations” is PET.

43. CONDITION TRIGGER WORDS
Where
above, across, against, along, alongside, among, around,at, before, behind,below, beneath,beside, between, beyond, by, down,from, in, inside, into, near, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, through, to, toward, under, up, upon
Noun Describers
Describer noun
Describer, Describer, and Describer
Noun, describer and describer
Noun + ing
Renamer
How
like/as
with/without/by ly
When
as, after, before, since, until, when, while, during
Condition
although, if, though, unless, even though
Renamer, Repeat
Jane, my sister, helps me.
My pet, the chubby hamster in the cage, keeps me awake all night.
Main Sentence
Trunk
Why
because, so that, since, to + verb
Noun Part
Day Six
Who/What
subject
Action
verb

44. The Condition Trigger Words
although, if, though, unless, even though

45. The Condition PATTERN Condition, + Who/What + Action
Who/What + Action+ Condition
Any group that comes at the beginning is followed by a comma unless it is a single word!!!!!!!!!!!

46. The Condition Example Action Who/what we cleaned our rooms. Who/what
Although it was hard,
Who/what
Action
Condition We
cleaned our rooms
even though we didn’t want to.

47. Sentence Strip Activity
Get with your group of 4.
Listen for the teachers instructions.
Create a sentence using your sentence strips.

48. Now you try.
Write 1 sentence that expresses Who/What + Action+ Condition.
Write 1 sentence that expresses Condition,+ Who/What + Action.

49. All the groups we’ve studied so far “Expand the action”: When did the action occur? Where did the action occur? Why did the action occur? How did the action occur? What conditions were surrounding the action?

50. Turn in sentences making sure you have a proper header and
each group labeled correctly.
Work on Word within a Word homework OR
Read Silently.