1. #3 - AIM: What happened when Africa was Decolonized?

2. 1945-1960s African Independence Movement:
Few Europeans lived in Africa, except for Algeria, Kenya, and South Africa.

3. Decolonization
First colony to decolonize in Africa after World War II was Libya (1951) – from Italy
Last colony to decolonize was Southern Rhodesia (1980) – from British which became Zimbabwe
Ethiopia and Liberia were never under European control

4. Algeria French wanted to keep Algeria after World War II
Many French settlers
Very brutal revolt
Algeria Independence (1962)
French leaving Algeria – left crisis in Algeria – Arabs had no technical training and no management experience

5. Issues
Sub-Sahara Africa independence movements – not as brutal as Algeria
However: Independence problems existed
Arbitrarily drawn borders
Overdependence on export crops
Lack of roads and railroads
Overpopulation

6. Decolonization:
Struggle: European-descent wanted to keep personal privileges, control of resources, political power – power struggle with indigenous population
Racial conflict – very severe in southern Africa

7. United Nations
The decolonization of Africa and Asia increased greatly the membership of the General Assembly of the United Nations.
United Nations began shifting focus to issues on poverty, racial discrimination, and imperialism issues than with the Cold War. Result, Western powers began to ignore the General Assembly