1. What makes McDonald’s fries taste SOOOO good?

2. Lipids Macromolecules: Fats, Waxes and Oils.
Lipids are composed of C, H, and O
Greater H:O ratio than 2:1
Primary function is energy storage.
Energy is stored in C-H bonds.
More efficient in storing energy than carbohydrates
Other functions: waterproofing, membranes in cells, hormones
Macromolecules: Fats, Waxes and Oils.

3. Structure (building blocks)
Lipids are made of 2 parts
1 Glycerol - an alcohol - Serves as backbone of the molecule
3 Fatty acids - Long hydrocarbon chains connected to a carboxyl group

5. Dehydration Synthesis of a Lipid

6. Hydrolysis of a Lipid

7. Types of fats
Saturated fats have long chains with no double-bonds, solid at room temperature. Ex: beef fat
Unsaturated fats have double bonds, liquid at room temperature. Ex: corn oil (unsaturated trans fats are linked to heart disease)
Polyunsaturated fats have many double bonds
Each time a double bond is encountered, the molecule "Bends" slightly, resulting in a lower density of the lipid. This makes the molecule more likely to remain liquid at room or body temperatures. And thus, less likely to clog cardiac arteries.

8. Other Lipids 4 Other types of biologically important Lipids
Phospholipids - Important for membrane structure
Steroids - eg. Cholesterol & testosterone. Provide membrane support / serve as hormones
Terpenes - serve as important components of pigments
Prostaglandins - appear to act like localized hormones to induce cellular/tissue responses

9. Polar Molecule: the ends of the molecule carry an unequal charge
Polar molecules mix well with each other. Remember like mixes well with like molecules. Ex: Water and ethanol, both polar, create a homogeneous solution. Polar molecules are water soluble

10. Non Polar Molecule
A molecule in which the electrons are shared equally between the nuclei. As a result, the distribution of charge is even and the force of attraction between different molecules is small. Non-polar molecules show little reactivity.

11. Let’s Build!