1. Bacteria
&
Viruses

3. 4 Ways to Identify Bacteria
Shape
Cocci Bacillus Spirochete

4. Cell Wall
Peptidoglycan – in bacteria cell wall
Gram (+) Purple Gram (-) Red

5. Flagella Slime Layer None
Movement
Flagella Slime Layer None

6. Oxygen Needs of Bacteria
Oxygen at top
Facultative Anaerobe Obligate Aerobe Obligate Anaerobe

7. Human uses for bacteria

8. Pathogens – Bacteria that cause disease
Two Ways Bacteria Cause Disease
Produce Toxins (Food poisoning)
Damage Tissue

9. Controlling Bacterial Growth
Antibiotics – Slows growth; does not kill bacteria
Disinfectants – Chemical that kills bacteria
Sterilization – Heat, pressure, gas that kills bacteria
Refrigeration – Slows growth; does not kill bacteria
Canning – High heat to kill bacteria
Chemical Treatments – Preservatives in food; slows growth; does not kill

10. Virus – Obligate Parasite – Must have a host to survive and multiply
Capsid
DNA or RNA

11. Lytic Cycle of a Virus

12. Lysogenic Cycle of a Virus

13. How
Vaccines
Work

14. Retroviruses Have RNA which needs Reverse Transcriptase
to convert into
DNA and then added into host DNA for replication of virus

15. Prions –
Infectious Proteins when eaten target specific tissues such as the brain
Mad Cow Disease
Scrapies in Sheep