1. 20.2-European Nations Settle North America

2. Recap/Intro
Spain was very successful in Americas-other nations interested
Treaty of Tordesillas divided the land between Portugal and Spain-ignored by English, French, Dutch, etc.
Decision by French, British and Dutch to establish colonies in North America

3. New France
Giovanni da Verrazzano sailed to NA looking for route to the Pacific
Did not find route-did discover present New York harbor
Jacques Cartier found Montreal and later Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec (capital of New France)
France then turned attention to other parts of NA-de la Salle explored Mississippi River Valley and claimed it for France
Called it Louisiana in order of French king Louis XIV

6. The French Trading Empire
France built up huge empire in North America
Very small population-about 65,000 people
French much more interested in fur trading than building towns or making families
Sole interest was making money-not having huge amounts of colonists

9. Jamestown and the British
English sailed in 1607 with three ships and 100 settlers and landed on coast of Virginia
Named Jamestown in honor of English king James
Very bad colony-tried to find gold not grow crops-70% of population died of hunger, disease, or fighting with Native Americans
Started to grow crops (TOBACCO)-huge demand and big success for colonists

12. The Puritans and New England
1620-Pilgrims found a second English colony (Plymouth, Massachusetts)
Looking for religious freedom
Later, Puritans sought religious freedom-established a larger colony near Massachusetts Bay
Idea to build “model community”-many families as opposed to largely single men in Jamestown/VA

14. Dutch and New Netherland
Henry Hudson sailed for Dutch- found Hudson River, Hudson Bay, and Hudson Strait
Set up Dutch West India Trading Company-colonized and set up fur trading in New Netherland
Slow to attract Dutch settlers- opened themselves up to French, Germans, and other European people

15. English Oust Dutch
English, French and Dutch began battling for supremacy in NA
English wanted to get Dutch out (separated Massachusetts from Virginia)
English king gave his brother (Duke of York) permission to drive out Dutch
Dutch surrendered-renamed New York
English colonized rest of Atlantic Coast-by 1750 ~1.2 million people in 13 colonies

16. England Battles France
England pushed further West into North America
French already there-two groups battled for control
1754-French and Indian War between France and Britain over control of North America
British won-took control of majority of North American holdings

18. Colonists vs. Native Americans
Colonization was disastrous for Native Americans in both North and South America
French and Dutch developed working relationship with Native Americans- needed for fur trade
French and Dutch mostly got along with Native Americans
English did not-as population of colonists grew-needed to drive out Native Americans
Puritans viewed Native Americans as agents of the devil and impure-added to persecution

19. Settlers and Natives Battle
From early on, conflict between settlers and natives
One of the bloodiest conflicts was King Phillip’s War
Native American ruler Metacom (King Phillip)-led attack on colonial villages throughout Massachusetts
After year of fierce fighting by both sides-English won and able to push Natives further and further West

20. Natives Fall to Disease
Diseases far bigger killer than weapons
Smallpox ravaged Native Americans as early as 1616
The Massachusett tribe’s population dropped from 24,000 to only 750
Natives proved to not be cut out for labor necessary on colonies
Colonists looked to Africans to take over the labor situation