1. Intensive and Extensive Properties

2. Extensive Properties Intensive Properties
The physical properties of a substance are the characteristics of a substance that can be used to describe it.
There are two types of physical properties:
Extensive Properties
Intensive Properties
Extensive properties are directly related to the size/amount of a sample.
Intensive properties are NOT related to the size or amount of a sample.

3. There are 3 primary extensive properties that are related to the size of a sample.
Mass is related to the amount of matter in a substance. A larger sample has more matter, so mass is an extensive property.

4. Volume is the amount of space a sample occupies
Volume is the amount of space a sample occupies. A smaller sample would take up less space, so volume is an extensive property.

5. Length is simply how long a sample is
Length is simply how long a sample is. (Width and height are also just lengths.) Length measures the size of a sample, so it is also an extensive property.

6. Approximately 1 mole of Si
There are also three secondary extensive properties that are directly related to the mass of a sample.
28.1 grams of silicon
Approximately 1 mole of Si
The number of moles of a sample is also a measurement of the amount of matter. We will learn to convert between grams and moles a little later in the year.

7. Gravitational Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy
The amount of energy in a sample is directly related to its size. The amount of potential and kinetic energy of an object is directly related to the size and mass of that object.

8. Silicon
Water
Sodium Chloride
Atom
Molecules
Ions
The number of particles is also directly related to grams and moles of a sample. A larger sample has more mass which means more atoms, molecules or ions.

9. Fighting crime one extensive property at a time!
Remembering this group of Super Heroes can help you remember the extensive properties!
MVL MEN
The
Extender M V L E N
ass
XXL
olume
ength
oles
Captain Extreme
nergy
Fighting crime one extensive property at a time!
umber of particles

10. There are MANY intensive properties that are NOT related to the size of a sample. Because this list is much larger, you should focus on remembering the shorter extensive list.
Color
State of Matter
Density

11. It may seem like density should be related to the size of a sample because of its equation, but it is NOT AT ALL!
Mass = g
Volume = 13.0 cm3
Mass = 8.75 g
Volume = 6.50 cm3
Mass = 35.0 g
Volume = 26.0 cm3
Density = 1.35 g/cm3
Density = 1.35 g/cm3
Density = 1.35 g/cm3
Because it is the relationship between mass and volume, it is independent of both. That makes density an intensive property.

12. Temperature is also an intensive property
Temperature is also an intensive property. This is because the temperature of a sample depends on its surroundings, NOT its size.

13. Some elements, like copper and aluminum can appear in a number of different shapes.
A substance that can be drawn out, especially into wires is called ________.
ductile
A substance that can be bent and flattened, especially into a thin sheet is called __________.
malleable

14. Some elements are attracted to magnets, and they can be made into magnets themselves.
It does not matter what size pieces these magnetic metals are in; they will always be drawn to the magnet.

15. Iron, Cobalt and Nickel are ferromagnetic
Iron, Cobalt and Nickel are ferromagnetic. Not only are they attracted to magnets, but they can be turned into permanent magnets. Together, they are known as the Iron Triad.
Iron
Nickel

16. Decide if the following physical properties are intensive or extensive:
(NOT related to size)
Extensive
(Related to size)
color
odor
melting point
mass
boiling point
volume
density
length
specific heat
temperature
energy
state of matter