1. Get out your pencil and a blank piece of paper.
Cells and Life
Get out your pencil and a blank piece of paper.

2. Understanding Cells
Robert Hooke saw the openings in cork and called them cells.

3. Cell Theory Theodore Schwann – All animals are composed of cells.
Rudolf Virchow –
All cells come from cells that already exist.
Matthias Schleiden –
All plants are composed of cells.

4. The Cell Theory All living things are made up of one or more cells
Cells are the basic structure and function of life
All new cells come from cells that already exist.

5. Basic Cell Substances
Review:
Atoms are the smallest particles of matter.
Molecules are a combination of atoms.
Elements are only one type of atom.
Compounds are made of different types of atoms.
Macromolecules are substances that form by joining many small molecules together.

6. The Main Ingredient - Water
The structure of a water molecule makes it ideal for dissolving many other substances.
Water is the universal solvent (thing doing the dissolving)
Solute – Thing being dissolved
Water helps you maintain homeostasis

7. Daily Question
IF I mix sugar with water – write down which is the solute and which is the solvent.
Schleiden worked with _____________
and Schwann worked with _____________.
What is one reason why water is important to you?

8. Macromolecules 4 major macromolecules
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Each type has its own job and function

9. Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids are macromolecules formed when long chains of molecules called nucleotides are joined together.
Genetic information
Examples
DNA – instructions for cell growth, cell reproduction
RNA – makes proteins

10. Proteins
- a macromolecule made of long chains of amino acid molecules.
RNA is the blueprint for proteins
Several Jobs
Communication
Transportation of substance
Break down nutrients
Form structures
Examples –
Enzymes (speed up chemical reactions)
Hair

11. Lipids - large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water Jobs
Protect the cell (cell membrane)
Store energy (long term)
Help with communication
Examples –
Fats
Oils
Waxes

12. Carbohydrates Sugar molecules (any number) make up carbohydrates Jobs
Supply energy storage (short term)
Supply energy for cell processes
Provide structural support
Communication
Examples
Sugars
Starches
Cellulose