1. Turn of the Century City Life
Cities were crowded, dirty, unsanitary places
Many city dwellers were immigrants who were unskilled workers and were desperate for jobs
Many people were crammed into tiny tenements with many families living in one apartment

2. New “Efficient” Housing- “Dumbbell” Tenements

3. Dumbbell Tenements This housing was poor and substandard
Many families would be forced to live in housing meant for one small family

5. Substandard housing

6. Crowded, CROWDED Conditions!

7. Immigrants
Many immigrants left their home countries due to desperation
Lack of food, land, money, and jobs
Government rule
Discrimination and even death due to religion
Immigrants struggle and work some dangerous, difficult jobs in order to survive

8. Children in the Industrial Age
Children do not usually receive much education
Many children are sent to work to help their parents make ends meet
Kids are not always taken care of, and many are living in extreme poverty

10. Industrial Work Working conditions
Jobs were dirty, dangerous, long, and unregulated
Some workers had the opportunity to organize, but many (especially unskilled workers) had to accept conditions or find a different job
People who got injured or sick were viewed as unfit workers

13. Unsafe Factories

14. Improvements for Immigrants
In Chicago, Jane Addams founded the Hull House to assist newcomers to America.
This settlement house provided English lessons, job skills training, and babysitting services for immigrants
With skills that the Hull House helped to teach to immigrants, they were sometimes able to advance themselves socially

15. Jane Addams and Hull House

16. Education Reform
Many new immigrant children in America- how will they learn to be “American”?
Public Schools are going to expand
Students will learn to read and write (Literacy)
Students will also get assimilated into American culture