1. Immigrants & the Cities

2. Growth of the Cities 40% lived in cities by 1900; majority by 1920
Who came: rural residents, Southern blacks, immigrants
Problems: fires, disease, pollution, poverty, crime
Housing varied: mansions to tenements

3. Growth of the Cities

4. Housing Conditions
Immigrant families
Renting a place to sleep

5. Dumbbell Tenements

7. Jacob Riis: How the Other Half Lives

8. Helping the Urban Poor
Social Gospel Movement: people should help the poor because that is what Jesus wants us to do
Settlement Houses: offered help in poor (immigrant) neighborhoods
English classes
Daycare for working women
Help to become citizens

9. Jane Addams – Hull House

10. Political Machines Helped immigrants assimilate
Traded jobs & services for votes
Boss Tweed – NYC; headed Tammany Hall Machine