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Agriculture Revolution / Civilization
So, how did we get from… HERE HERE? to What events do you think might have taken place between 10,000 and 1,000 BCE. 1,000 BC Today Big Era 2 10,000 BC Agriculture Revolution / Civilization
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which reflects the DOMESTICATION of…
One of the major changes is reflected in this wall painting on a wall in Mesopotamia (today Iraq) : which reflects the DOMESTICATION of… animals and plants 1,000 years ago Today Big Eras 4-9 Big Era 2 10,000 years ago Civilization
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Domestication of plants and animals was a monumental change.
Have you ‘herd’ about pastoralism? It resulted in the new way of living we know as FARMING (AGRICULTURE)… …which included both PASTORALISM (herding sheep, goats, cattle, horses, and camels), and… 1,000 years ago Today Big Eras 4-9 10,000 years ago Big Era 3 Big Era 2
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(cultivating domesticated plants),
Crop-growing (cultivating domesticated plants), and… 1,000 years ago Today Big Eras 4-9 10,000 years ago Big Era 3 Big Era 2
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FARMING COMMUNITIES the development of… 1,000 years ago Today
Big Eras 4-9 10,000 years ago Big Era 3 Big Era 2
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Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE, farming
Eastern North America China Fertile Crescent Nile valley West Africa Mesoamerica New Guinea Ethiopia Andes Amazonia Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE, farming appeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of places, possibly in all of the places marked in red on the map. 1,000 years ago Today Big Eras 4-9 10,000 years ago Big Era 3 Big Era 2
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Prior to farming, population size in any one area was limited
by the availability of wild game, grain, berries, seeds, and nuts. POPULATION INTENSIFICATION Farming and the large, relatively dependable crops it provides allowed for… That means population increases in certain areas. Population in those areas became both larger and denser.
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SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION
At the same time, farmers in some places were, in spite of population growth, able to produce SURPLUS food. What does SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION mean for a society?
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SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION…
…means that not everyone has to grow food or tend animals. They can take on other tasks. They can specialize in some non-farming task.
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This is called… Job Specialization. Men and women may become: Weavers Stone Masons Potters Priests Scribes Traders Army officers
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Domestication of Plants and Animals
Farming Population Intensification Surplus Food Specialization Complex Society, also known as CIVILIZATION 1,000 years ago Today Big Eras 4-9 Big Era 2 10,000 years ago Big Era 3
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Civilization – A Complex Society
Did you catch that term? Remember it. Write it down.
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Elements of civilization include:
1) Cities Mohenjo Daro It’s the law 2) Central governments And Law codes Hammurabi’s Law Code Pharaohs
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4) Highly organized religions
Elements of Civilization include: 1) Cities 2) Central governments and law codes 3) Writing and record keeping 4) Highly organized religions
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Elements of Civilization include:
1) Cities 2) Central Governments and law codes 5) Specialized Jobs 3) Writing and record keeping 4) Highly organized religion Full-time monk 6) Social Classes Assyrian slaves In Egypt
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Elements of Civilization include:
1) Cities 2) Central governments and law codes 7) Complex Technologies 3) Writing and record keeping 4) Highly organized religion Chariot 5) Specialized jobs 6) Social classes Bronze Sword
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Seven Characteristics of a Civilization
1. Cities 2. Government / Law Codes 3. Writing / Record-keeping 4. Specialized Jobs Social Classes / Have and Have Nots Complex Technologies Organized Religions
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By 3,000 BCE, societies in Southwest Asia and Egypt were developing elements of complex societies.
Are we supposed to be taking notes on this? 1,000 years ago Today Big Eras 4-9 Big Era 2 10,000 years ago 3,000 years ago Big Era 3
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There were also two new ones in the Americas.
By about 1000 BCE, there were several well-established civilizations in Afroeurasia. There were also two new ones in the Americas. At least two civilizations in Afroeurasia, the Minoan in the Mediterranean region and the Harappan in the Indus River valley had already come and gone.
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Now, looking back over Unit One,
let’s review the major changes using the timeline below 1,000 BC Today 10,000 BC – Agriculture Revolution / Emergence of Civilizations
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Domestication of Plants and Animals
Farming Population Intensification Surplus Food Specialization Complex Society, also known as CIVILIZATION 1,000 BC Today 10,000 BC – Agriculture Revolution / Emergence of Civilizations
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Complex belief systems
That translates into: Farmers Herders Cities Central governments Armies Monumental buildings Written language Social hierarchies Complex belief systems In 10,000 BCE none of these existed in the world. By 1,000 BCE they all did.
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Not only has life changed culturally and technologically, but also the rate of change has accelerated. Letters and envelopes Writing Irrigation Wheel Pyramids Copper smelting Temple building Walled cities . Dogs, sheep. goats, horses, wheat, rice, chiles, potatoes—all domesticated Plow farming Alphabet Chariots Pottery 360-degree circle Sailing technology Law Codes Regular trade routes Today 1,000 BC Bow & arrow Art 200,000 BC Language Calendars Civ Hunting and Gathering 10,000 BC
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