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Advanced Aquaculture of Carps and Tilapia – Ponds and Cages
Kevin Fitzsimmons, John Woiwode, R.S.N. Janjua ASA SoyPak Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan 19 March 2012
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Carp and Tilapia Carps are most important farmed food fish and tilapia are second. Global demand, variety of production systems and geographic regions, some vertically integrated Environmentally sustainable – “Green Aquaculture” (no fish meal required in the diet, no antibiotics, many farms use effluents for crops)
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Subsistence and Export Commodity
Tilapia is unique in its role as a small livestock animal grown by subsistence farmers in developing countries around the world….. And It is widely grown and exported to high value markets to be served in expensive restaurants and grocery stores Commodity or specialty crop - BOTH, like chicken
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US Tilapia consumption (imports and domestic) 368,295 mt of live weight (equivalent) – ,000 mt of live weight (equivalent) ,264 mt of live weight (equivalent) – ,953 mt of live weight (equivalent – 2009) 579,443 mt of live weight (equivalent – 2010)
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Carp and tilapia in ponds
Extensive ponds
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Semi-intensive ponds
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Multiple small cages Irrigation Reservoir, Arizona
Taal Lake, Philippines Paulo Afonso Reservoir, Brasil
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Other small cages Nile Delta, Egypt Shrimp Pond, Thailand
Shrimp Pond, Philippines All tilapia farms have dogs, even cage farms
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Large cage farms
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Pond culture to crop irrigation
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Fish and citrus in Hainan, China
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Integration of aquaculture and agriculture
Water pH reduced from 8.3 to 8.0 Added 19.7 kg/ha N to 45 kg/ha used in standard fertilization schedule of cotton.
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Results - Integration of aquaculture and agriculture
Contributed 2.6 kg/ha P to cotton crop.
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Plant height with Fish Effluent, Standard Fertilizer and Well Water
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Extruders Floating feeds Feed mixes with steam in barrel of extruder
Cooks ingredients, improves palatability Gelatinizes starches Steam expansion and auger forces feed out of barrel with rapid expansion. Traps air in pellet, allows to float
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Bangladesh tilapia aquaculture
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Future global tilapia aquaculture
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Conclusions Tilapia are omnivores
But eating anything will not make you grow fast and strong Tilapia need balanced nutrition for rapid growth just like human children
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Buy TILAPIA Thank you! Questions and discussion?
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