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Case Study – Philippines
Aims: to be able to describe and explain the hazards which impact on the Philippines
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Where, what and why The Philippines is a group of over 7000 islands in South East Asia. It lies in a belt of tropical cyclones and astride an active plate boundary. It’s capital is Manila, and is on the largest Island, Luzon. The Pacific ocean is to the east, the South China sea to the West. Nearest neighbours include; Borneo China and Vietnam
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Where, what and why Task 1 Make a sketch drawing of the map in the centre of your page. Add the following information: Luzon Manilla Mindanao Pacific South China Sea Taal Pinatubo Mayon
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Where, what and why The Philippines became a Spanish Colony in the 16th Century, and a territory of the USA in the 20th Century, it eventually gained independence in 1935. Religion is a predominantly Roman Catholic country. The population of the country has increased 4fold over the last 50 years and now stands at 90 million.
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Where, what and why Money – The Philippines is a NIC.
In 2007 GDP(pp) was US$5000 a ‘middle income country’ according to the World bank. The economy is based on: Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Tourism
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Where, what and why Though the country is developing and is an NIC it is have difficulty matching the growth rates of it’s near neighbours, e.g. Malaysia this is because up to 20% of the Governments budget is spent on paying interest on oversea debt. The GDP also hides large inequalities with the Philippines. Some of the poorest people are forced to live and work in hazardous locations
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Where, what and why Climate – Much of The Philippines (normal conditions) has a Tropical climate. Temperatures are high all year, and rain tends to fall in a ‘rainy’ season. This climate has resulted in a huge variety of plants and animals, the Philippines is second only to Brazil in terms of biodiversity.
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Where, what and why Landscape – The Philippines is mostly mountainous with coastal lowlands. Most people tend to live on steeply sloping land. The burden of debt has meant that the Philippines has had to exploit it’s natural resources, this has been done both in a formal and informal manor, and is a major contributing factor to hazard frequency and intensity
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Task 2 Construct a fact file to describe the main human and physical characteristics of the Philippines. Characteristics Economy Climate Landscape
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So what's the problem? No of events Total Killed Total Injured
Homeless Total affected Damage ($m) Drought 6 8 6 million 64000 Earthquake 21 9580 13051 3985 2.25 million 844485 Flood 72 2716 570 500000 11.25 million 446361 Slide 25 2604 381 23000 310663 12258 Volcano 20 2996 1188 79000 1.5 million 23961 Tsunami 5 69 5250 6000 Typhoon 241 35983 29178 6.25 million 86 million Disasters in the Philippines
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So what's the problem? Example Drought
April 1998, 2.5 million severely affected Earthquake Manila (1990) 6000 killed Flood July 1972, 2.7 million affected Slide February 2006, 1126 killed Volcano Taal (July 1911) 1335 killed Pinatubo (July 1991) 700 killed Tsunami Worst Tsunami in 1976 Typhoon November 1991, 6000 killed
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So what's the problem? Mt Pinatubo eruption 1991.
Biggest eruption in 50 years. Scientist ‘predicted’ the eruption and a 10km exclusion zone was put in place. The Clark US military base was evacuated. The exclusion zone was expanded several times - more people were evacuated each time. The eruption was made up of several eruptions, pyroclastic flows and lahars (a tropical storm hit at the same time)
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So what's the problem? Task 3 - Copy the Venn diagram and classify the impacts of the Mt Pinatubo eruption. Social Economic Environmental
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So what's the problem? Task 4
Why does the Philippines suffer from volcanoes? Explain the type of plate margin this is and what is happening along it.
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Some questions Explain how successfully you think the government agencies managed the threat of the Pinatubo eruption. Research – two hazards that have affected the Philippines eg. Guinsaugon landslide.
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