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How our genes are organized

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Presentation on theme: "How our genes are organized"— Presentation transcript:

1 How our genes are organized
Chromosome Mutations

2 Changes in an organisms chromosome structure are called:
MUTATIONS

3 Four types of chromosomal mutations:
Deletion Duplication Inversion Translocation

4 Deletion mutation A piece of a chromosome breaks off completely:
Consequence after cell division: new cell will lack a certain set of genes

5 Duplication mutation A piece of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to its homologous chromosome: Consequence after cell division: new cell will have an extra set of genes

6 Translocation mutation
A piece of a chromosome breaks off and re-attaches to a non-homologous chromosome: Consequence after cell division: new cell will carry genes in the wrong location

7 Inversion mutation A piece of a chromosome breaks off and re-attaches to its original chromosome in REVERSE order: Consequence after cell division: new cell will carry genes that are in the wrong order – will code for the WRONG proteins

8 Wrong order = wrong proteins
Changes in the order of genes on chromosomes has dire effects in the organism The wrong sequence will code for the wrong protein In some cases there is little effect, in others the result can be severe or even lethal to the organism.

9 References National Institutes of Health Carolina Biological Supply
Biology Holt (4th Ed.)

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