1. Chapter 1 The Human Body: An Orientation
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Seventh Edition
Elaine N. Marieb
Chapter 1 The Human Body: An Orientation
Slides 1.1 – 1.8
Lecture Slides in PowerPoint edited by James Hook
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

2. The Human Body – An Orientation
Anatomy – study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts
Physiology – study of how the body and its parts work or function
Slide 1.1
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3. Anatomy – Levels of Study
Gross Anatomy
Large structures
Easily observable
Figure 1.1
Slide 1.2a
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4. Anatomy – Levels of Study
Microscopic Anatomy
Very small structures
Can only be viewed with a microscope
Figure 14.4
Slide 1.2b
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5. Levels of Structural Organization
Figure 1.1
Slide 1.3
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6. Organ System Overview Integumentary Forms the external body covering
Protects deeper tissue from injury
Synthesizes vitamin D
Location of cutaneous nerve receptors
Figure 1.2a
Slide 1.4
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7. Organ System Overview Skeletal Protects and supports body organs
Provides muscle attachment for movement
Site of blood cell formation
Stores minerals
Figure 1.2b
Slide 1.5
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8. Organ System Overview Muscular Allows locomotion Maintains posture
Produces heat
Figure 1.2c
Slide 1.6
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9. Organ System Overview Nervous Fast-acting control system
Responds to internal and external change
Activates muscles and glands
Figure 1.2d
Slide 1.7
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10. Organ System Overview Endocrine Secretes regulatory hormones Growth
Reproduction
Metabolism
Figure 1.2e
Slide 1.8
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11. Organ System Overview Cardiovascular
Slide 1.8
Organ System Overview
Cardiovascular
Transports materials in body via blood pumped by heart
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nutrients
Wastes
Figure 1.2e
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12. Organ System Overview Lymphatic Returns fluids to blood vessels
Slide 1.8
Organ System Overview
Lymphatic
Returns fluids to blood vessels
Disposes of debris
Involved in immunity
Figure 1.2e
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13. Organ System Overview Respiratory Keeps blood supplied with oxygen
Slide 1.8
Organ System Overview
Respiratory
Keeps blood supplied with oxygen
Removes carbon dioxide
Figure 1.2e
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14. Organ System Overview Digestive Breaks down food
Slide 1.8
Organ System Overview
Digestive
Breaks down food
Allows for nutrient absorption into blood
Eliminates indigestible material
Figure 1.2e
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15. Organ System Overview Urinary Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
Slide 1.8
Organ System Overview
Urinary
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
Maintains acid – base balance
Regulation of materials
Water
Electrolytes
Figure 1.2e
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16. Organ System Overview Reproductive Production of offspring Slide 1.8
Figure 1.2e
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings