1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology Directional terms and Language of anatomy
UNIT 1

2. Anatomy – General Terminology “ana”= upward/backard “tome”= to cut
study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts

3. Anatomy – 3 Levels of Study
Gross Anatomy
Macroscopic
Large structures
Easily observable
Figure 1.1
Slide 1.2a
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4. Anatomy – 3 Levels of Study
Microscopic Anatomy
Histology
Study of tissues
Can only be viewed with a microscope
Figure 14.4
Slide 1.2b
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

5. Anatomy – 3 Levels of Study
Microscopic Anatomy
Cytology
Study of cells
Very small structures
Can only be viewed with a microscope
Figure 14.4
Slide 1.2b
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

6. Physiology – “physis”= physical/chemical nature “logia”= the study of
study of how the body and its parts work or function

7. The shape of a body part is based on its purpose
FORM follows FUNCTION
The shape of a body part is based on its purpose

8. Anatomical Position: standing upright with palms, head and feet facing forward; arms straight at sides.

10. Orientation and Directional Terms
Table 1.1
Slide 1.22
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

11. Orientation and Directional Terms
Table 1.1 (cont)
Slide 1.23
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

12. Prone: Face Down
Supine: Face Up/Stomach Up

13. PLANES
MIDSAGITTAL [MEDIAN]: front to back in the midline (parallel to the midline); gives equal right and left halves
TRANSVERSE [HORIZONTAL]: perpendicular to the midline going front to back; gives top and bottom portions
CORONAL [FRONTAL]: from one side to the other side; gives front and back portions