1. Warm-Up: Levels of an Ecosystem
Label each descriptions as a population, community, or ecosystem.
Owls, mice, and grass all live in one area.
Owls, mice and grass all live in an area near a pond that receives lots of sunlight.
Eight owls all live in one area.

2. Animal Relationships & Adaptations

3. Niche =

4. Niche = organism’s role in an ecosystem

5. Relationships in an Ecosystem
3 types of relationships:
predation
competition
symbiosis

6. Predation =

7. Predation = one organism is a food source for another organism
Predator = hunter
Prey = food

8. Competition =

9. Competition = struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources

10. limited resources = “Limiting Factors”
Competition
limited resources = “Limiting Factors”
Examples?

11. largest population an environment can support =
Competition
largest population an environment can support =
Carrying Capacity

12. Symbiosis =

13. Symbiosis = relationship between 2 organisms that benefits at least 1 of the organisms
3 types of symbiosis:
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism

14. Mutualism = both organisms benefit

15. Commensalism = 1 organism benefits, other is not harmed

16. Parasitism = 1 organism benefits, other is harmed

17. Animal Adaptations
2 types:
Structural
Behavioral

18. Structural Adaptation = inherited physical characteristic
Adaptation that an animal “HAS”

19. Structural Adaptation
Escaping predators
Examples?

20. Structural Adaptation
Obtaining food
Examples?

21. Structural Adaptation
Reproducing
Examples?

22. Behavioral Adaptation = inherited behavior
Adaptation that an animal “DOES”

23. Behavioral Adaptation
Camouflage = blending in with environment
Examples?

24. Behavioral Adaptation
Mimicry = acting
like a different
organism
Examples?

25. Behavioral Adaptation
Courtship = males & females of a species prepare for mating
Examples?

26. Behavioral Adaptation
Hibernation = greatly reduced body activity during winter
Examples?

27. Behavioral Adaptation
Migration = periodic journey of an animal from one place & back again
Examples?

28. Instinct vs. Learning
Instinct =

29. Instinct vs. Learning
Instinct = behavior an animal can perform without being taught

30. Instinct vs. Learning
Learning =

31. Instinct vs. Learning
Learning = animal requires practice & experience to perform the behavior
4 types:
conditioning
trial-and-error
insight
imprinting

32. Conditioning = connecting a stimulus to a good or bad event

33. Trial-and-error = performing a behavior more skillfully with repeated practice

34. Insight = applying knowledge to solve a new problem

35. Imprinting = some newborn animals follow the first moving object they see