1. Five-minute starter task
Write a function that takes a string argument and returns a spaced out version of the string
E.g.
spaceOut("Hello")
H e l l o

2. The spaceOut task You can iterate over a string, like you can a list:
for x in myString:
do something
You cannot change the letters of a string one by one like this:
for x in myString
x = x + ' '
You have to build up a NEW STRING and then RETURN IT
newStr = ""
newStr = ….

3. Examples of string functions in Python
Find full documentation here:

4. Caesar Ciphers

5. Examples Plain text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Cipher text: uif rvjdl cspxo gpy kvnqt pwfs uif mbaz eph

6. y = string.ascii_lowercase.find(x) + 1
Clues: You may find these lines of code useful (they are not in order!)
for x in plainText:
# do something with each letter
y = string.ascii_lowercase.find(x) + 1
cipherText = cipherText + string.ascii_lowercase[y]
plainText = plainText.lower()
You may also find the % operator useful…

7. More clues for every character in plain text:
index = number of the character in the alphabet
index = index + 1
cipher character = index'th letter of alphabet
add cipher character to cipher text
This will work in most cases, but you will have a problem when you come across a 'z' and when you come across an upper case letter, and when you come across a space or some punctuation character.

8. Extension tasks
My example only returns cipher text in lower case. Can you write a function that returns mixed cases?
My example will raise an error if the plain text contains punctuation. Can you make your function cope with it?
Write a function that will encrypt txt using ANY rotation.
Write a function that will decrypt anything encrypted using a Caesar cipher.

9. Transposition Ciphers