1. April 19, 2011 What is the whole goal of a cell?
Draw a picture of DNA. Label: sugar, phosphate, base, nucleotide, hydrogen bonds

2. April 20, 2011 What is included in one nucleotide?
What are the bases of DNA? RNA?

3. DNA YOUTUBE CLIPS The Secret of Life 2 Watson and Crick DNA Extraction
The Secret of Life - Discovery of DNA Structure
The Secret of Life 2
Watson and Crick
DNA Extraction

4. Transcription = making RNA
TRY ONE!
Given DNA CODE
ATG, CCG, TAC, AGA, GTC, TTC
Make a complimentary mRNA Strand.
UAC, GGC, AUG, UCU, CAG, AAG

5. Protein Synthesis Part 2: Translation
Overall: mRNA is changed into protein
Occurs in the cytoplasm &
ribosomes

6. Protein Synthesis Part 2: Translation
Steps
1. mRNA code is “read”
every three bases represents a codon or a triplet
each codon = 1 amino acid
start codon is AUG; anything before the AUG sequence is junk.
EXAMPLE
mRNA: AACUAUGCAAUUAGCAU

7. Protein Synthesis Part 2: Translation
2. tRNA brings in appropriate amino acid (transfer RNA)
has an anticodon that follows the base pairing rules to match mRNA strand
Ex. mRNA codon of AUG has a tRNA anticodon of UAC

10. Protein Synthesis Part 2: Translation
3.translation will stop when it reaches a STOP codon (according to chart)

13. Without transcription or translation, our genetic information would be useless -- a recipe on a page with no way to bake the cake.

14. Protein Synthesis Transcription and Translation
From RNA to Protein Synthesis
Protein Synthesis

15. Language of Genetics Words in DNA/RNA are made up of 3 letters
Ex) AUG, TUC, CCC, GGG, ATG
DNA: A word is called a “code”
mRNA: A word is called a “codon”
tRNA: A word is called an “anti-codon”
Opposite of codon

16. Examples DNA Code – TAC mRNA Codon – AUG tRNA Anti-Codon – UAC
Amino Acid - Methionine
DNA Code – GAC
mRNA Codon – CUG
tRNA Anti-Codon – GAC
AA – Leucine

17. Complete the Process DNA CTTACGGGTTACGCATT mRNA – Break it down to 3’s
(GA)AUG, CCC, AAU, GCG, UAA
tRNA –
(CU)UAC, GGG, UUA, CGC, AUU
AA Chain – Use mRNA and code wheel!
Methionine, Proline, Asparagine, Alanine, Stop

18. Summary DNA code is Transcribed to mRNA codon
mRNA “start” codon (AUG) is Translated and tRNA anticodon attaches
Amino Acids are strung together at Ribosome until “stop” codon is reached
AA strings are Proteins