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Clarify the
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2. Service

3. An activity that fulfills a need, and provides money to the provider.

4. Primate City

5. Ex. Romania Bucharest=2million
Largest city in a country that has more than twice as many people than the second largest.
Ex. Romania Bucharest=2million
Iasi=320,000

6. City-State

7. Independent central settlement that provides government, military protection and other services to its hinterland (ex. Athens, Sparta, Ur)

8. Threshhold

9. The minimum number of customers a business needs to sustain itself.

10. Range

11. The farthest distance a consumer will travel for a service

12. This type of rural settlement pattern has isolated farms.

13. Dispersed rural settlement

14. This type of rural settlement has buildings/farms centrally located with agricultural land surrounding

15. Clustered

16. This type of clustered rural settlement involves long tracts of land – to allow river or road access

17. French long-lot system
Linear
French long-lot system

18. This type of clustered settlement consistes of open-space surrounded by structures, then fields

19. Circular

20. A collection of vendors selling goods on certain days at a particular location

21. Periodic Market

22. Describe how the gravity model predicts optimal location

23. Optimal location is directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it

24. Describe the Central Place Theory, using the words market-area and hexagon

25. Central Place theory states that competition between (central places) creates a regular pattern of settlements that depicts the market areas as hexagons, as to avoid overlap

26. Explain how some countries follow the Rank-Size rule….

27. Countries follow the rank-size rule when the nth-largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement
Only wealthy MDCs can follow this, because they can economically support several large cities

28. Describe the Enclosure Movement—what happened and why?

29. Where-UK When What- the redistribution of public land to the wealthy– (clustereddispersed) increasing efficiency, yet displacing villagers to industrial cities

30. Uh, Nonbasic and Basic Industries….what’s the difference?

31. Basic- industries that make goods to export out of the settlement NonBasic- industries whose customers live in the settlement (consumer services)

32. Name the 2 Alpha ++ Global Cities

33. London, NY, International centers of business, culture, infrastructure and political power

34. List the 4 factors that determine a global city..

35. International centers of business, culture, infrastructure and political power

36. Give an example for each service…. Public, business and consumer

37. Public: teachers, police, government workers
Answers will vary….
Public: teachers, police, government workers
Business: FIRE, transportation,
Consumer: retail, health, education service,

38. Until the 19th century, World cities were located in _____________, then they shifted to __________. Why??

39. Industrial Revolution led to rapid urbanization in Europe
ASIA EUROPE
Industrial Revolution led to
rapid urbanization in Europe

40. What happened to cities in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire

41. Reduction in urban populations

42. Name 3 of the original River Valley Civilizations

43. 1. Mesopotamia / Fertile Crescent
2. Egypt
3. Indus Valley
4. China
5. Caral

44. Where and why would an investor choose an offshore financial institution?

45. Caribbean, microstates of Europe, other island countries.
Why? Privacy, tax breaks

46. What is a back office function– and where have they moved to?

47. office work (payroll, accounting, etc) that has moved away from central industry to separate buildings or to LDC’s for cheap wage workers

48. Describe how the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors have changed in the US/Western Europe in recent decades

50. How did the IR influence the location of Global Cities?

51. The IR shifted global cities from East (China/India) to West (US and Europe)