1. Three Branches of Government
What are the three branches and how do they work together?
Today, we will analyze how the U.S. Constitution reflects the principles of separation of powers and federalism using a decision-making activity and a game.

2. Rule of Law
In America we believe in the rule of law. Laws tell what we have to do, what we can do and what we can’t do.
Nobody is above the law in the U.S.

3. Three questions for group
Who makes the rules at school?
Who enforces the rules?
Who decides if the rules and enforcement of the rules is fair?

4. Three Question for Constitution
When writing the Constitution, the writers had to answer 3 questions:
Who will write the laws?
Who will enforce the laws?
Who will make sure that laws are fair?

5. Answers to the Questions
Legislative will write the laws.
Executive will enforce the laws.
Judicial will make sure that laws are fair.
This happens at BOTH the national/federal level and at the state level.

6. Let’s look at an example…..
Mr. Bill did a very bad thing the other day. He hit Mr. Clark.

7. How does the government act in this situation?
What are the three branches and how do they work together?

8. Legislative Branch Writes a law NO Hitting
To hit someone is called assault.
If you do, you go to jail and pay fines.

9. Legislative Branch U.S. Senate --- 100 members --- 2 per state
U.S. House of Representatives total members. Based on Population of each state.
Writes, Makes, Passes, Composes, Approves, ---
Any word that means creates out of nothing

10. Can a piece of paper stop the behavior?
Once the law is written, does it stop the hitting? NO

11. Executive Branch Enforces the laws
Arrest warrant is issued for Mr. Bill
Sheriff goes to arrest

12. Executive Branch President Governor County commissioner Mayor
CIA, FBI, DEA, Secret Service, etc.
Governor
DPS, Texas Rangers, etc.
County commissioner
County Sheriff
Mayor
PD, etc

13. Executive Branch Enforces, executes, carries out...
Whatever word --- makes it actually happen

14. Now that the hitter is arrested, how do we know the arrest was the right person or fair??

15. Judicial Branch
Interprets the fairness of laws; reviews what happened if asked
Mr. Bill gets to go to court. He gets to see the judge and ask for bail.
Mr. Bill will get a trial by jury.
Mr. Bill will get a reasonable punishment if found guilty.

16. Judicial Branch
Judges, interprets, insures, determines fairness, reviews what happened, establishes precedents(examples).
Whatever the word – makes sure the process is fair (due process)

17. Let’s see if you understand……
Every newspaper article can be place by which branch and which layer.
Separation of Federalism
Powers at Work at Work
Branch Layer
Legislative Federal
Executive State
Judicial Local

18. Pledge of Allegiance challenged in Massachusetts Supreme Court (NBC news 9/4/2013)
A family in suburban Boston hopes to change the phrasing of the Pledge of Allegiance to remove two words they claim violate students' rights.
The family is challenging the pledge, which students recite daily in U.S. public schools, claiming the words "under God" violate the state's equal rights laws.

19. Decide Which branch?? Separation of Powers Which layer?? Federalism
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Federalism
Federal
State
Local

20. Pledge of Allegiance challenged in Massachusetts Supreme Court (NBC news 9/4/2013)
State
Judicial
A family in suburban Boston hopes to change the phrasing of the Pledge of Allegiance to remove two words they claim violate students' rights.
The family is challenging the pledge, which students recite daily in U.S. public schools, claiming the words "under God" violate the state's equal rights laws.

21. Let’s try one for real……
Every newspaper article can be place by which branch and which layer.
Separation of Federalism
Powers at Work at Work
Branch Layer
Legislative Federal
Executive State
Judicial Local

22. Executive order from Governor Jan Brewer blocks IDs, benefits for illegal immigrants ( ABC news 8/15/2012)
PHOENIX - Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer on Wednesday ordered state agencies to deny driver's licenses and other public benefits to young illegal immigrants who obtain work authorizations under a new Obama administration policy.

23. Decide Which branch?? Separation of Powers Which layer?? Federalism
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Federalism
Federal
State
Local

24. Good, one more…… Branch Layer
Every newspaper article can be place by which branch and which layer.
Separation of Federalism
Powers at Work at Work
Branch Layer
Legislative Federal
Executive State
Judicial Local

25. Institute of Museum and Library Services Reauthorized (National Assembly of State Arts Agencies Dec 2010)
On December 22, 2010, President Obama signed S. 3984, the Museum and Library Services Act of 2010, to reauthorize the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) for the next five years.

26. Decide Which branch?? Separation of Powers Which layer?? Federalism
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Federalism
Federal
State
Local

27. Republican-led House committee passes new education bill (The Washington Post, June 19, 2013)
A Republican-controlled House committee Wednesday approved a new version of the country’s main education law that would sharply shrink the federal role in K-12 public schools.
In passing the bill, Republicans took a clear turn away from Bush’s philosophy that states receiving billions of dollars each year in federal aid should be accountable to Washington.

28. Decide Which branch?? Which principle? Which layer?? Which principle?
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Which principle?
Federal
State
Local

29. Austin Ramps Up Enforcement of Passing Law (League of American Bicyclists August 12, 2013)
Austin, Texas, is "putting a bite" in its 3-foot passing law The City of Austin passed a 3-foot law back in 2009……

30. Decide Which branch?? Which principle? Which layer?? Which principle?
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Which principle?
Federal
State
Local

31. Austin Ramps Up Enforcement of Passing Law (League of American Bicyclists August 12, 2013)
…but -- like many localities and states -- was slow to enforce the law. This year, as part of Austin’s celebration of Bike Month, the City of Austin police department began an enforcement effort using undercover police officers on bikes

32. Decide Which branch?? Which principle? Which layer?? Which principle?
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Which principle?
Federal
State
Local

33. Justice Department sues Texas over new voter ID law (USA Today August 22, 2013)
Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott reacted sharply to the latest attack on the state's election laws, which he called "the cynical politics of race."
"Voter IDs have nothing to do with race, and they are free to anyone who needs one," Abbott said.

34. Decide Which branch?? Which principle? Which layer?? Which principle?
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Which layer?? Which principle?
Federal
State
Local

35. CLOSURE