1. Culture in New France

2. The French changed after living in New France for a while
1608  New France began
New France was cold, wet and damp
The climate and weather was not like France
French colonists (people living in New France) were not used to the weather & climate
They did not have the proper clothing

3. Living in New France changed how the French lived
The First Occupants showed the French how to adapt to a new way of life in New France.
New types of food
How to dress
How to travel
How to survive

4. Let it snow! Let it snow! Let it snow!
French styles of clothing changed a little bit
The style of clothing had to adapt to the cold
“French style”  “Canadien style”
Transportation also changed  snowshoes and canoes

5. ‘Habitant’  someone living in NF
Fur hat with flaps for ears
Closed jacket with a belt to keep cold out
Extra thick stockings or leggings to keep legs warm
Snowshoes

6. The French had to change their houses!
The first homes in New France:
Were made of wood
Had thin walls
Had roofs that were NOT steep
Had less windows
Had NO porch
Were close to the ground
Had chimneys that did not work well

8. The French had to change their houses!
Houses changed
Made of stone
Had thicker walls
Had roofs that were VERY steep
Had MORE windows
Had a porch
Were NOT CLOSE to the ground
Had 1-2chimneys that worked well

11. Voyageurs Because of the fur trade, new jobs for men became available
Voyageurs were men who traveled by canoe to trade for furs
They used the many rivers and lakes to get to the first occupants
Voyageurs were allowed to do this

15. ‘Coureurs du Bois’: Runners of the Woods
‘Coureurs de Bois’ were also travelling fur collectors
Lived with the First Occupants
Knew the languages
Knew what the territory looked like
They connected the French to the First Occupants
They WERE ILLEGAL fur collectors

17. Culture in New France 2

18. The Catholic Church in New France
The Catholic Church was very important in New France
Everyone in New France was Catholic
The Catholic Church was involved in everything
Education
Hospitals
Weddings
Baptisms
Rules of New France

19. People working for the Catholic Church
Jesuits and Recollets
Men who were sent to New France by the Catholic Church
They started churches
They tried to convert the First Occupants to Catholicism

21. People working for the Catholic Church
Ursulines and Nuns
Women who were sent to New France by the Catholic Church
They started schools and hospitals
They tried to teach the First Occupants the ways of the French

22. Catholic Church and Education
The Catholic Church was in charge of education
Ursulines were teachers for French children & First Occupants
Jesuits started the first school in Quebec in 1625
1650 Montreal  schools for boys were started

23. Catholic Church and Education
The goal of the Church:
Make sure the people knew all about Catholicism
Basic reading and arithmetic (math)
There was a lot of people who could not read in New France
Students skipped school to work.

25. Loyola Campus & Loyola High School

26. The Catholic Church and Hospitals
The Catholic Church was in Charge of Hospitals in New France
One of the first hospitals was ‘Hotel Dieu’ in Montreal in 1642
Hospitals also helped poor people, orphans and people who were disabled

27. The Catholic Church and record keeping
The Church kept records of all the people who were born, who got married and who died
They gave out birth, marriage and death certificates
The church knew how many people were born, married and died each year

28. The Catholic Church and Rules…
No working on Sundays
Go to church on Sundays
Receive communication once a year
Can’t drink too much alcohol
The church controlled how people entertained themselves