1. Phonics

2. Phonics? What is Phonics?
Phonics is a way of teaching children to read quickly and skilfully. They are taught how to:
Recognise the sounds that each individual letter makes;
Identify the sounds that different combinations of letters make (digraphs) - such as ‘sh’ or ‘oo’; and
Blend these sounds together from left to right to make a word.
Children can then use this knowledge to ‘de-code’ new words that they hear or see such as ‘sh i p’
This is the first important step to helping them read.
information/curriculum/english/phonics

3. It is used by a large number of schools with great results.
Letters and Sounds
Why Letters and Sounds?
This is the Government recommended scheme provided by the old Primary National Strategy to support the learning of phonics.
It is used by a large number of schools with great results.

4. How often, long and when?
Your child will receive a daily phonics session lasting approximately 10/20mins (Depending on their age).
They will be taught by their class teacher as a whole class at the appropriate level for the year group.
Any child who needs additional support and requires further consolidation of the previous sounds taught will receive a short individual/small intervention at another time in the day from either the class teacher or one of our highly skilled LSAs.

5. How is it taught?
The short lessons are fast paced and consist of four parts.
Review and Revisit – the sounds from previous learning.
Teach – a new sound every day
Practise – games / word cards etc incorporating these sounds
Apply – read or write a caption using one or more of known high frequency words and words containing the new sounds.
Teachers will use a range of resources and techniques including magnetic letters, buckets of water, white boards, letter fans, letter cards, games, chalking, robot talking and phoneme fingers, to make the lessons fun and interactive.

6. What order?
There are six phases to the programme and it is hoped that most children will complete these whilst with us at the infant school.
Phase One – Children are taught to hear and distinguish sounds from their environment. They learn to hear rhyme and alliteration (words starting with the same sound). They explore instrumental sounds and learn to make different sounds with their own mouths. A child needs to be proficient in these areas before they can even begin to tune into discreet phonic sounds which make up our language system.

7. Phase Two – The first set of phonemes are introduced over a period of 6 weeks. The order allows children to begin to make words and segment (separate) and blend (join together) letters after only 1 week. How many words can you make with these letters?
s a t p i n
Now compare this with the first 6 letters of the alphabet.
a b c d e f

9. Phase Three – Teaches the children a further 25 sounds over a ten week period. With these learnt a child can make a phonically plausible attempt at any word they like as they have been taught every sound in the English language. At this point it does not matter that the children are not spelling accurately. It is about having the confidence to have a go and be successful as independent learners.
Phase Four – Provides a four week consolidation of the above sounds ensuring the children can read and write them with confidence.

11. Terminology
Robot or Fred Talk – this is when words are broken down into each discreet sound.
Phoneme Fingers – This is when the phonemes are counted and the matching number of fingers are held up.
Sound buttons or Sausages and Beans – this is when dots and dashes are marked under a word to show knowledge of the sounds.
Phoneme – this is a discreet unit of sound.
Digraph – where two letters make one sound (er, sh, ee)
Trigraph – where three letters make one sound (igh, ear)
Grapheme – the written form of the sound

12. Home Help
Just knowing some of this information will support you when you are reading with your child. You will know whether or not they are able to sound out a word or whether you should tell them the word and help them be more confident and fluent.
When your child is writing at home, again you will have some idea as to whether they can sound it out and will celebrate with them if they have applied the right sounds even if you, as an adult, know the spelling is incorrect.

13. Ideas Pairs- Match the word to the correct picture
Splat the digraph – ( move on to splat the word)
How many digraphs/ tri-graphs can you say correctly in 1 minute?
Treasure Hunt
How many words can you think of ...e.g. ‘ar’ car, bar, card, March, far
How many words can you make with Lego/ stones, magnets?
Spotting digraphs/ tri-graphs in books
Simple board games
Make sounds out of playdough, write them in sand,
shaving foam...

14. Phonics Play

15. Education City

16. BBC Bitesize ICT Games

17. Websites
Phonics Play-
Education City
BBC Bitesize-
ICT Games-
Bug Club-
Read Read Read- The more your child reads, the more they will see phonics and be able to recognise their sounds and key words.

18. Any Questions?
Please ask your child’s class teacher if you need any help, ideas or advice to support your child throughout the year.