1. Barve različnih polprevodniških izvorov in občutljivost oči
Valovna dolžina (nm)

2. Elektronska stanja v heterostrukturah
Koncentracija (omejevanje) elektronov in svetlobe v tanki plasti
Kvantne jame, enojne in večkratne

3. Kako lahko omejujemo elektrone

4. Elektroni v pn spoju in v hetero-strukturi

5. LED: kako do svetlobe iz polprevodnika?
Geometrija je pomembna zaradi loma na meji polprevodnika

6. Kako do svetlobe iz laserske diode?

7. Tipična laserska dioda manjše moči

8. Laserska dioda 10 W

9. OCLARO 10 W laserska dioda z optičnim vlaknom

10. OCLARO 10 W laserska dioda z optičnim vlaknom - karakteristike

11. Laserski resonatorji za polprevodniške laserje

12. Sestavljen laser za velike moči

13. “LASERS” ….. Example: High-Power Diodes
Stacks of linear arrays of diode lasers
100’s to kilowatts of power
near infrared wavelengths
used for materials processing

14. “LASERS” ….. Example: CD Diode Lasers
output in the near-infrared
≈ 5 – 50mW output
actual laser chip from a CD player

16. VCSELs high performance and low cost advantages. 
1. The structure can be integrated in two-dimensional
array configuration.  
2. Low threshold currents enable high-density arrays.  
3. Surface-normal emission and nearly identical to the
photo detector geometry
-> easy alignment and packaging.  
4. Circular and low divergence output beams
eliminate the need for corrective optics.  

17. 5. Passive versus active fiber alignment, combined
with high fiber-coupling efficiency.  
6. Low-cost potential because the devices are completed
and tested at the wafer level.  
7. Lower temperature-sensitivity compared
to edge-emitting laser diodes.  
8. High transmission speed with low power consumption.

18. Quantum cascade lasers

19. Quantum cascade lasers
Band diagram
Layer sequence
Emission spectrum at room temperature
Light- and Volt-current characteristics

20. Laser na proste elektrone

21. The European x-ray free electron laser (European XFEL)
an X-ray research laser facility currently under construction planned to be operational by the end of 2017.
12 participating countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland)
Electrons will be accelerated to an energy of up to 17.5 GeV by a 2.1 km long superconducting linear accelerator. Total length 3.4 km.
Wavelength to 6 nm