1. The Second Great Awakening and Utopian Societies

2. The Second Great Awakening
Around 1800 – 1830’s
Revival of the Great Awakening of the early 18th century
Emphasis on personal piety over schooling and theology
One of most famous ministers was Charles Finney

3. Forming New Denominations
A religious movement during the 19th century which expressed that every person could be saved through revivals
Led to the formation of new denominations
Surge in church membership of Methodists and Baptists

4. Where did it begin? Arose in several places:
New England – social activism
New York – growth of new denominations
Appalachian region (KY and TN) – energized Presbyterians, Methodists and Baptists
Camp meetings
First in South-Central KY in June 1800

5. Main Reason for Revival
Revival’s effects consisted of two main strains:
The virtues and behavior of the middle class – a strong work ethic, frugality – were encouraged
The ability of individuals to make changes to their lives sparked reform movements

6. Creation of the Bible Belt
The movement spread through southern OH, KY, and TN
Among Baptists, ordinary farmers frequently felt they were called by God to become preachers
The Bible Belt of the South was born

7. Lasting Legacy
The Second Great Awakening left a lasting impact on American Society
Established Churches
Social Reform

8. Utopian Societies
In the early 1800’s, more than 100,000 individuals formed utopian societies
Utopian Society – Ideal or perfect society
– large attempt to create numerous communities that would serve as perfect societies

9. Belief Systems
The people that formed these communities believed that the way to a better life was to separate themselves from the corrupting influence of the larger society
Practiced cooperative or communal living and rejected the idea of private property

10. Different Groups Found within Utopian Societies
Mormons
Oneida Community
The Shakers
New Harmony
Brook Farm

11. The Shakers Located in several states
Got their name from a ritual shaking dance that members performed
Reached their peak in the mid-1800’s with 6,000 members

12. Beginnings Began in England in 1747 Led by Ann Lee – “Mother Ann”
Lee moved with her followers to America in 1774
The community quickly grew

13. Beliefs Believed in absolute celibacy Eventually, the numbers dwindled
3 Shakers left today
Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill in Harrodsburg, KY – living history museum

15. Brook Farm Community near Boston
Based on social or political ideologies
Founded by George Ripley in 1841
Harmony with nature, communal living, and hard work

16. The End of Brook Farm
Collapsed in 1846 after a huge fire destroyed a large building that was uninsured
The Farm could not continue
Influential in fights for women’s and labor rights