1. Rebuilding the Union
Objective: explain the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the 14th Amendment; evaluate effects of Reconstruction

2. Civil Rights Act of 1866
Defined citizens as all those born in the United States (except Native Americans)
Stated citizens were entitled to equal rights regardless of race

3. Fourteenth Amendment Proposed in 1866; passed in 1868
Defined citizens as all those born in the United States (except Native Americans)
Offered citizens “equal protection of the law”
Declared any state that kept African Americans from voting would lose representatives in Congress
Johnson & most former Confederate States refused to support it

4. Reconstruction Act of 1867
Moderate & Radical Republicans joined to pass Act
Divided south into 5 military districts
Took voting rights away from the prewar ruling class
Required states to give all men (including black men) the vote and to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment before they could be readmitted

5. Begins period known as Radical Reconstruction where Congress controlled it

6. New Southern Governments
Delegates chosen to draft new state constitutions
About ¾ were republicans – many poor white farmers
Called scalawags (scoundrels) for going along with Radical Reconstruction
¼ of the republicans were known as carpetbaggers

7. Carpetbaggers – white northerners who rushed to the south after the war
Accused of seeking only to get rich or gain political power
Rest were African Americans – half had been free before the war and 80% could read
Constitutions set up schools and gave the vote to all adult males