1. Legacies of Historical Globalization in Canada Chapter 7
Social Studies 10-1

2. Key Terms Indian Act Status Indian Residential Schools Cultural Mosaic
Multiculturalism
Cultural Pluralism
Quiet Revolution

3. John Cabot
In 1497, Giovanni Caboto, or John Cabot, claimed the island of Newfoundland for Britain
Why is his name spelled 2 different ways?

4. Jacques Cartier 1535, Jacques Cartier sailed up the
St. Lawrence and claimed the territory along this river for France.

5. Why did they explore here?
For Europeans, the country’s chief interest lay in the rich fishing grounds off its Atlantic coast. And some Europeans had not given up on the idea of discovering a new route for sailing to Asia.

6. Early Contact

7. First Contact
These European fishers often landed in coastal areas to stock up on food and water and to dry their catch so it would keep on the long trip home. When they did, they met the First Peoples of the area.

8. Colonization in Canada
Felt hats became popular in the second half of the 1500’s
Demand was so great beavers were nearly extinct by 1600’s
The fur trade in Canada symbolizes the start of Historic Globalization in Canada

9. Early Trade
The First Nations of Eastern Canada helped the French make the fur trade
work.
They not only trapped the animals, but also transported the pelts to European outposts.
Where did this trading occur? What did they use for transportation? How has that shaped Canadian history today?

10. Think about it:
Fort Edmonton
Fort Saskatchewan
Fort McMurray
Fort Chipewyan
Fort Calgary
Fort MacLeod

11. A Clash of Cultures
European society is based on the recognition of social status and land ownership.
The First People was not!
The First people believed that God placed them on earth not as owners but as Spiritual Guardians

12. Clash of Cultures Con’t
False promises and validity of treaties lead to the destruction of many First Peoples culture.
For Example: Oral treaties (passed down by word of mouth) were used by the First Peoples, However the Europeans were accustomed to writing them down.
See the Problem?

13. The Beothuk
The Beothuks are the aboriginal people of the island of Newfoundland
The Beothuks are the descendants of a Recent Indian culture called the Little Passage Complex
Conflicts with Europeans drove the Beothuks
inland

14. The Beothuk
Their traditional method of food gathering (fishing) was no longer a viable source of food
As a result they became malnourished and susceptible to disease
They died out not because of attack but from malnutrition and disease

15. Seven Years War 1756-1763 between Britain and France in Europe
This war drew in other European powers and spread to colonies in North America, West Africa, Cuba, the Philippines, and India.
Some say this was truly the first GLOBAL war…why?

16. Seigneurial System
To strengthen French control of New France, the government wanted to attract settlers.
What are the strengths of this system?
What are the weaknesses?

17. Legacies of Early British Rule

18. Clash of Cultures
In the1800s, Thomas Douglas of the Hudson’s Bay Company controlled
sq. km in Manitoba and parts of the US.
He didn’t take into account that the Metis people lived there
This created tension which eventually lead to the Metis uprisings of & 1885.
For homework read pages and answer questions 1 & 2

19. British Legacy Con’t Between 1790 and 1845, more than
immigrants arrived in Canada.
because of conditions in Europe
What difference might this influx of British immigrants make to Francophones in Québec? To First Nations, Métis, and Inuit?

20. Legacy of Mercantalism
Both France and Britain followed mercantilist policies in Canada.
Some historians believe that mercantilism helped protect and foster Canada’s early development.
Others, such as the historian Harold Innis,
argued that mercantilism stifled development
by ensuring that the country’s economy
was limited to supplying raw materials.