1. Software Quality Engineering
QA and Defect: Classification Scheme

2. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
QA and Defect: Classification Scheme
Defects can be classified into 3-Categories.
Defect Prevention through Error Source Removal.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

3. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
QA and Defect: Classification Scheme
Defect Detection through fault detection removal
Defect Containment
Defect Detection: Actual QA, Code inspection + Test Cases + Design review
Defect Containment: Containing defect in local areas to avoid global effect

4. Software Quality Engineering
Pre-Release Defects

5. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Pre-Release Defects
Pre-release defects are Dormant Defects which have potential to create problem to users and customers.
Dormant defects are triggered on a specific situation or occur in low priority area.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

6. Software Quality Engineering
Example Pre-Release Defects

7. Software Quality Assurance

8. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Example of Pre-Release Defects
Pre-release defects if generated at client sites then depending on impact it has to be fixed but they are usually part of release notes.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

9. Software Quality Engineering
Post-Release Defects

10. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Post-Release Defects
Defects in Production or customer site.
Company has to pay from their pocket to fix post-release defects
Post-Release Defects have higher cost of fixing mainly due to multiple installations
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

11. Software Quality Engineering
Example of Post-Release Defects

12. Software Quality Assurance

13. Software Quality Assurance

14. Software Quality Engineering
Example of Post-Release Defects
Production level bugs have very high cost plus it can hit reputation also.

15. Software Quality Engineering
Defect Prevention Basics

16. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Defect Prevention Basics
Defect prevention are ways to reduce defects and their cost to fix.
Assumption is there are known error sources / inappropriate actions.
Every error source has to be fixed
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

17. Software Quality Engineering
Defect Prevention: Education and Training

18. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Defect Prevention: Education and Training
People factor is one of the critical factor in delivery quality software.
Change is the only constant in Software Development.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

19. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Defect Prevention: Education and Training
Team has to be trained and educated
properly
At times lack of relevant training leads defects which can be prevented otherwise.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

20. Software Quality Engineering
Domain Knowledge

21. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Domain Knowledge
Software Developers are techies not domain specialists.
Domain specialists are hired to work along with business analysts / developers.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

22. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Domain Knowledge
Domain specific knowledge is very important to understand the requirements.
Same words may have different meaning in different domains
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

23. Software Quality Engineering
Example of Domain Knowledge

24. Software Quality Assurance

25. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Example of Domain Knowledge
To derive appropriate rates and formula there is need of domain specialist.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

26. Software Quality Engineering
Lack of Expertise in Phases of SDLC

27. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Lack of Expertise in Phases of SDLC
To ensure delivery of Quality Software adherence to best practices of SDLC is key.
Lack of execution details of Phases of SDLC is main cause of defects
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

28. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Lack of Expertise in Phases of SDLC
For instance Lack of knowledge of Requirement Management or Product integration is root cause of defects
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

29. Software Quality Engineering
Lack of Process Knowledge

30. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Lack of Process Knowledge
Process knowledge at team and individual level is essential to prevent defects
Creation of Process and on-boarding of Process are two different things
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

31. Software Quality Engineering
Example Lack of Process Knowledge

32. Software Quality Assurance

33. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Example Lack of Process Knowledge
Awareness about implementation details of process is very critical for defect prevention
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

34. Software Quality Engineering
Defect Reduction

35. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Defect Reduction
Defect prevention help to prevent defects but it can’t ensure 100%
Realistically speaking there will be defects no matter how much good defect prevention mechanism is there.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

36. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Defect Reduction
Vigorous Defect Reduction Process should be in-place to remove defects.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

37. Software Quality Engineering
Inspection: Direct Fault Detection and Removal

38. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Inspection: Direct Fault Detection and Removal
Inspections are very effective QA alternative to reduce bugs.
Inspections are generally conducted to identify smells at any phase of SDLC
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

39. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Inspection: Direct Fault Detection and Removal
Usually these are walkthrough of different artifacts to provide another EYE
Usually they are applied at Code level to check compliance with different artifacts
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

40. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Inspection: Direct Fault Detection and Removal
Inspections are conducted by multiple teams in coordinated way
Identify fault and ensure removal.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities

41. Software Quality Engineering
Example of Inspection: Direct Fault Detection and Removal

42. Software Quality Assurance

43. Software Quality Assurance

44. Software Quality Assurance
BG # 1
Example of Inspection: Direct Fault Detection and Removal
Decision of using plugins or off-the self solutions should be done after careful review.
Defect Prevention: Clarifying human misconceptions or ambiguities